The Colorimetric Estimation of 3-Chlorpromazine in Biological Fluids

Leach, H.; Crimmin, W.R.C.

doi:10.1136/jcp.9.2.164

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…of the drug. The method used was that of Leach and Crimmin (1956), which depends on an acid hydrolysis step, ether extraction, and, following the addition of ferric nitrate determination by a colorimetric technique in which the optical density is read at 530 m/A. Care was taken to exclude all drugs other than chlorpromazine from patients undergoing clearance studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chlorpromazine in Patients with Hepatic Disease

Read¹,

Laidlaw²,

McCarthy³

1969

BMJ

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chlorpromazine in Patients with Hepatic Disease

Read¹,

Laidlaw²,

McCarthy³

1969

BMJ

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“…Sakai and Merrill (183) assayed reserpine in biological fluids by paper ionophoresis follow'ed by ultraviolet spectrophotometric measurement. Colorimetric estimation of 3-chloropromazine in blood and urine was made by Leach and Crimmin (124). These investigators hydrolyzed the specimens wfith sodium hydroxide extracted with ether followed by O.lxV sulfuric acid extraction of the ether and final color development wfith ferric nitrate-sulfuric acid reagent.…”

Section: Control and Precision Of Clinical Chemistry Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Chemistry

Kingsley¹

1957

Anal. Chem.

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“…We determined the concentration of the active ingredient CPZ in the formulations spectrophotometrically 16 with some modifications. An aliquot of 0.1 ml of CPZ solution was diluted to 200 ml with 0.1 N sulfuric acid.…”

Section: Product Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2013

IJPSR

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The purpose of the study was to present the know-how of preparing intramuscular injection forms of chlorpromazine HCl (CPZ) solutions for use in veterinary medicine. Aqueous solutions of CPZ were prepared aseptically at concentrations of 10 or 25 mg/ml. The CPZ formulations were intended for veterinary use only. The concentrations of CPZ in the solutions were 1 or 2.5% which were formulated mainly with ascorbic acid, benzyl alcohol, sodium chloride, sodium metabisulfite or sodium sulfite and water for injection. The pH values of the solutions were adjusted by HCl or NaOH to be in the range of 5 to 6 before filtration (pore size of 0.2 µm), sterilization and distribution into air tight containers. The aqueous formulations of CPZ were clear, almost colorless to slightly straw-colored solutions, sterile and free from undesirable visible particlulate matters. They were according to the requirements of solutions intended for intramuscular injection. Using the prepared formulations, the acute toxicity (median lethal dose, LD50) of CPZ was close to that of a commercial product. Similarly, the effectiveness of CPZ, as determined by the median effective doses (ED50) using the formulations, was close to that of the commercial product and the chicks manifested signs of tranquilization without any adverse effect or death. Further, the preparations were safe and effective when CPZ was injected intramuscularly at the recommended doses experimentally in chicks (10 mg/kg) and sheep (2.2 mg/kg). In conclusion, we introduced simple and applicable know-how of CPZ aqueous formulations (1 or 2.5%) for veterinary use to be administered by deep intramuscular injection. QUICK RESPONSE CODEThe mechanism of the tranquilizing action of CPZ is related to antagonism of dopaminergic receptors in the central nervous system 6, 7 .The recommended therapeutic doses of CPZ in dogs, cats, cattle and sheep are usually 0.5, 0.3, 1.1 and 2.2 mg/kg body weight, respectively, given by deep intramuscular injection 4, 5, 8 .Various commercial preparations of CPZ are available for use in human medicine 2 . None is approved as a veterinary formulation 4, 9 . However, CPZ is legally prescribed and used in animals on the basis of an extra-label use of drug 7, 9 .

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The Colorimetric Estimation of 3-Chlorpromazine in Biological Fluids

Cited by 26 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of Chlorpromazine in Patients with Hepatic Disease

Effects of Chlorpromazine in Patients with Hepatic Disease

Clinical Chemistry

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