The Chlorophyll b Reductase NOL Participates in Regulating the Antenna Size of Photosystem II in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Jia, Ting; Itô, Hisashi; Tanaka, Ayumi

doi:10.1016/j.proche.2015.03.057

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The degradation of chlorophyll b is suppressed in NYC1 mutant plants, which remain green until just before death due to natural senescence 31 . Moreover, the NOL (NYC1-like) protein is closely related to NYC1 , and chlorophyll b levels decreased drastically in NOL overexpressing plants 32 , 33 . In our study, two NYC1/NOL DEGs were detected, both of which were significantly up-regulated in the mutant compared with normal green leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses of golden leaf coloration in Ginkgo biloba L

Yang

et al. 2018

Hortic Res

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Ginkgo biloba is grown worldwide as an ornamental plant for its golden leaf color. However, the regulatory mechanism of leaf coloration in G. biloba remains unclear. Here, we compared G. biloba gold-colored mutant leaves and normal green leaves in cytological, physiological and transcriptomic terms. We found that chloroplasts of the mutant were fewer and smaller, and exhibited ruptured thylakoid membranes, indistinct stromal lamellae and irregularly arranged vesicles. Physiological experiments also showed that the mutant had a lower chlorophyll, lower flavonoid and higher carotenoid contents (especially lutein). We further used transcriptomic sequencing to identify 116 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 46 transcription factors (TFs) involved in chloroplast development, chlorophyll metabolism, pigment biosynthesis and photosynthesis. Among these, the chlorophyll biosynthesis-related PPO showed down-regulation, while chlorophyll degradation-related NYC/NOL had up-regulated expression in mutant leaves. Z-ISO, ZDS, and LCYE, which are involved in carotenoid biosynthesis were up-regulated. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) further confirmed the altered expression levels of these genes at three stages. The alteration of PPO and NYC/NOL gene expression might affect chlorophyll biosynthesis and promote degradation of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a, while the up-regulated genes Z-ISO, ZDS and LCYE enhanced carotenoid accumulation. Consequently, changes in the ratio of carotenoids to chlorophylls were the main factors driving the golden leaf coloration in the mutant G. biloba.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses of golden leaf coloration in Ginkgo biloba L

Yang

et al. 2018

Hortic Res

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“…The degradation of Chl b is the initial step of Chl breakdown, and the transformation of Chl b to Chl a is catalyzed by Chl b reductase (CBR), which is encoded by NYC1 and NOL. The expression levels of CAO, NYC1, and NOL might involve the regulation of Chl a/b and Chl antenna size (Masuda et al 2003, Jia et al 2015, Sato et al 2015. In this study, exogenous Put decreased the expression level of CAO in cucumber seedlings under salt stress (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

The positive roles of exogenous putrescine on chlorophyll metabolism and xanthophyll cycle in salt-stressed cucumber seedlings

Yuan¹,

Shu²,

Guo³

et al. 2018

Photosynt.

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The effects of foliar spray of putrescine (Put; 8 mM) on chlorophyll (Chl) metabolism and xanthophyll cycle in cucumber seedlings were investigated under saline conditions of 75 mM NaCl. Exogenous Put promoted the conversion of uroporhyrinogen III to protoporphyrin IX and alleviated decreases in Chl contents and in a size of the xanthophyll cycle pool under salt stress. Moreover, the Put treatment reduced the activities of uroporphyrinogen III synthase, chlorophyllase, and Mg-dechelatase and downregulated the transcriptional levels of glutamyl-tRNA reductase, 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase, uroporphyrinogen III synthase, uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase, and chlorophyllide a oxygenase, but significantly increased the expression levels of non-yellow coloring 1-like, pheide a oxygenase, red chlorophyll catabolite reductase, and violaxanthin de-epoxidase. Taken together, these results suggest that Put might improve Chl metabolism and xanthophyll cycle by regulating enzyme activities and mRNA transcription levels in a way that improved the salt tolerance of cucumber plants.

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“…However, in Arabidopsis, degradation of Chl b is not significantly affected by loss of NOL, implying that NYC1 is the main enzyme that regulates Chl b levels [35]. However, the peripheral antenna size of PS II in NOL-overexpressing plants was also observed to be smaller than that in wild-type plants [37]. In addition to the effect on leaves, CBR-lacking Arabidopsis mutants exhibit reduced seed longevity and germination because a large amount of Chl is retained [38].…”

Section: Chl Cyclementioning

confidence: 95%

Research Progress in the Interconversion, Turnover and Degradation of Chlorophyll

Khan

et al. 2021

Cells

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Chlorophylls (Chls, Chl a and Chl b) are tetrapyrrole molecules essential for photosynthetic light harvesting and energy transduction in plants. Once formed, Chls are noncovalently bound to photosynthetic proteins on the thylakoid membrane. In contrast, they are dismantled from photosystems in response to environmental changes or developmental processes; thus, they undergo interconversion, turnover, and degradation. In the last twenty years, fruitful research progress has been achieved on these Chl metabolic processes. The discovery of new metabolic pathways has been accompanied by the identification of enzymes associated with biochemical steps. This article reviews recent progress in the analysis of the Chl cycle, turnover and degradation pathways and the involved enzymes. In addition, open questions regarding these pathways that require further investigation are also suggested.

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The Chlorophyll b Reductase NOL Participates in Regulating the Antenna Size of Photosystem II in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses of golden leaf coloration in Ginkgo biloba L

Cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses of golden leaf coloration in Ginkgo biloba L

The positive roles of exogenous putrescine on chlorophyll metabolism and xanthophyll cycle in salt-stressed cucumber seedlings

Research Progress in the Interconversion, Turnover and Degradation of Chlorophyll

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