The Chinese version of story recall: a useful screening tool for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly

Abstract

BackgroundDecline in verbal episodic memory is a core feature of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The delayed story recall (DSR) test from the Adult Memory and Information Processing Battery (AMIPB) discriminates MCI from normal aging and predicts its conversion to Alzheimer’s dementia. However, there is no study that validates the Chinese version of the DSR and reports cut-off scores in the Chinese population.MethodsA total of 631 subjects were screened in the memory clinics of Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China. 249 were considered to have normal cognition (NC), 134 met diagnostic criteria for MCI according to the MCI Working Group of the European Consortium on Alzheimer's Disease, and 97 met criteria for probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD) according to the NINCDS/ADRDA criteria, 14 exhibited vascular dementia (VaD), and 50 had a diagnosis of another type of dementia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to calculate the story recall cutoff score for detecting MCI and AD. Normative data in the NC group were obtained as a function of age and education.ResultsIn this Chinese sample, the normative mean DSR score was 28.10 ± 8.54 in the 50–64 year-old group, 26.22 ± 8.38 in the 65–74 year-old group, and 24.42 ± 8.38 in the 75–85 year-old group. DSR performance was influenced by age and education. The DSR test had high sensitivity (0.899) and specificity (0.799) in the detection of MCI from NC using a cut-off score of 15.5. When the cutoff score was 10.5, the DSR test obtained optimal sensitivity (0.980) and specificity (0.938) in the discrimination of AD from NC. Cutoff scores and diagnostic values were calculated stratified by age and education.ConclusionsThe Chinese version of the DSR can be used as a screening tool to detect MCI and AD with high sensitivity and specificity, and it could be used to identify people at high risk of cognitive impairment.

Normative data of the Brazilian elderly in Logical Memory subtest of WMS-R

“…According to the regression models for immediate and delayed recall scores, results demonstrated that age and education were negatively and positively correlated, respectively, which are according to the literature (Shi et al, 2014). Gender also proved to have an effect on two LM scores, as women scored higher than men.…”

Chinese herbal medicine Qinggongshoutao for the treatment of amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A 52‐week randomized controlled trial

“…Secondary outcome measures included changes from baseline to 52 weeks in the MMSE scores (ranging from 0 to 30) [12], AMIPB‐DSR (scores range from 0 to 56) [11], and ADCS‐ADL‐MCI‐24 items (scores range from 0 to 69), with lower scores indicating worse function [14].In addition, the changes in the deficiency of kidney essence using Clinical Global Impression of Change of Kidney Deficiency (CGIC‐KDS) was assessed [18]. CGIC‐KDS, based on information from a semistructured interview with the patient and the legal guardian, was designed specifically to evaluate the global assessment of changes of kidney function deficiency based on clinician and caregiver in TCM.…”

Screening mild cognitive impairment by delayed story recall and instrumental activities of daily living

“…Amnestic MCI is the main type, approximately 80% of which converted to dementia in a 6-year follow-up (Petersen, 2004). The previous study found delayed story recall (DSR) was a useful tool for differentiating MCI from normal cognition (NC), but not so good for differentiating MCI with dementia (Shi et al, 2014). In addition to memory impairment, recent studies confirmed instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were also affected in patients with MCI.…”