The chemical composition, fermentation profile, and microbial populations in tropical grass silages

Abstract

-The objective of this study was to evaluate the fermentation profile, chemical composition and microbial population and losses in the silages of signalgrass and Mombasa grass fertilized with the following levels of nitrogen (N): 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha. The grasses were harvested at 70 days of regrowth, chopped and then ensiled in laboratory silos that had 20 kg of capacity and a snap-top cover and were fitted with Bunsen valves. Before ensiling, samples of the plants were used for the isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in epiphytic microbiota. The design adopted was a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four doses of N and two forage species, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. The predominant species of LAB was Lactobacillus fermentum. The interaction between the N dose and forage species affected the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) of the silages. The pH values and gas losses were influenced only by the forage species, with higher values for the Mombasa grass. For the ammonia (NH 3 -N) levels and effluent losses, there was an effect of the interaction between the forage species and N doses, and the highest values of NH 3 -N and effluent losses were found in the Mombasa grass silage fertilized with 60 kg N/ha. Nitrogen fertilization reduces the levels of DM and WSC in the silages and also increases the levels of CP, NH 3 -N and effluent losses.

Chemical Composition and Fermentation Characteristics of Silages of Potato, Sweet Potato and Turnip with Rice Straw and Studies the Effect of Rations Containing Its Silages on Performance and Economical Efficiency of Growing Lambs

“…Ammonia-N as g/100g DM of turnip silage was significantly (P<0.05) lower than potato and sweet potato silages while ammonia-N% of total N of sweet potato silage was significantly (P<0.05) lower than potato and turnip silages. However, ammonia-N% of all silages was less than 15% of total N. These results agreed with Nicholson and Macleo (1966) who found that ammonia N in various silages ranged from 11.9 to 16.5% of total N and Rigueira et al (2013) who found that ammonia-N ranged from 10 to 20.7 from total N Ammonia-N% of total N in this study was higher than that obtained by Rui-rui et al (2018) with potato pulp and corn straw silage and Babaeinasab et al (2015) with potato-wheat straw. However, Kung et al (2018) mentioned that NH 3 -N usually less than 15% of total N of silage and Mahanna (1994) mentioned that silages containing 10-15% ammonia-N of total N are considered of good quality silage.…”

Evaluation of Silages of Potato, Sweet Potato and Turnip with Rice Straw or Wheat Straw with or without Urea and Studies the Effect of Rations Containing Its Silages on Digestion Coefficients and Rumen Fermentation in Sheep

“…Ammonia-N% of total N in this study was less than 15% except sweet potato and turnip silages containing RS with 1% urea which was 15.52 and 16.22%. These results agreed with Rigueira et al (2013) who found that ammonia-N ranged from 10 to 20.7 from total N and Nicholson and Macleo (1966) who found that ammonia N in various silages ranged from 11.9 to 16.5% of total N. On the other hand, ammonia-N% of total N in this study was higher than that obtained by Rui-rui et al (2018), Babainasab et al (2015) and Giang et al (2004). However, Kung et al (2018) mentioned that NH 3 -N usually less than 15% of total N of silage and Mahanna (1994) mentioned that silages containing 10-15% ammonia-N of total N are considered of good quality silage.…”

Efeito do esterco de galinha poedeira na produção de milho e qualidade da silagem

“…A redução das PG deve-se, provavelmente, à redução da ação desses micro-organismos produtores de gás, que se desenvolvem em silagens afetadas por má fermentação (Edvan et al, 2013), decorrente da transformação das proteínas e carboidratos por micro-organismos que geram vários produtos, como ácidos orgânicos, etanol, água, ATP e CO 2 (Siqueira, 2005). Rigueira et al (2013) também não observaram efeito da adubação com níveis de sulfato de amônio sobre a produção de gás das silagens de Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça e de Brachiaria decumbens cv.…”

“…Rigueira et al (2013) notaram que a adubação nitrogenada com sulfato de amônio aumentou as PE do Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, encontrando maiores PE, quando a cultura desse capim foi fertilizada com 60 kg de N ha -1 .…”