The characteristics of non-criminals with high psychopathy traits: Are they similar to criminal psychopaths?

Response inhibition in the parametric Go/No-Go task in psychopathic offenders

“…Previous research has linked the antisocial behaviour facet to more criminal versatility/activities (Williams et al, 2007) as well as to increased risk taking as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task (Mahmut et al, 2008). Increased disadvantageous risk taking in the Iowa Gambling Task has been regularly associated to enhanced impulsivity, especially in terms of UPPS-P Lack of Premeditation (Zermatten et al, 2005;Franken et al, 2008) and the BIS-11 Nonplanning and Motor Impulsiveness scales (Snowden and Gray, 2011).…”

Risk taking and the triarchic model of psychopathy

“…However, the concept of "fearlessness" or "boldness" with regard to psychopathy is the subject of some controversy. Researchers have argued that the concept appears at odds with the view of the psychopath as a disordered individual with problems such as antisocial behavior or abuse of substances (Miller & Lynam, 2012).…”

“…Several studies have claimed that psychopathy is associated with increased risk9taking scores on the IGT in both clinician9rated psychopathy and self9report measures (Beszterczey, Nestor, Shirai, & Harding, 2013;Dean et al, 2013;Mahmut, Homewood, & Stevenson, 2008;Morgan, Gray, & Snowden, 2011;van Honk, Hermans, Putman, Montagne, & Schutter, 2002). For example, Mitchell, Colledge, Leonard, and Blair (2002) report that a high PCL9R score is associated with a greater number of choices of the disadvantageous decks on the IGT (which is seen as a marker for greater risk9taking behavior or a failure to learn to avoid high risk situations) in participants with high psychopathic scores.…”

Insensitivity to suffering: the relation of psychopathic traits to somatic processing, first-person and third-person pain.

“…Additionally, it is possible that these findings may not generalize to other populations such as high scoring criminal psychopaths. However, as previously mentioned, university students with psychopathic traits have been found to show similar emotional and cognitive deficits to incarcerated psychopaths, including response modulation deficits, autonomic hyporeactivity, and risky decision making (e.g., Osumi et al, 2007;Mahmut, Homewood & Stevenson, 2008;Gao & Raine, 2010).…”

“…University students with psychopathic traits have been found to show similar emotional and cognitive deficits to incarcerated psychopaths, including response modulation deficits, autonomic hyporeactivity, and risky decision making (e.g., Osumi, Shimazaki, Imai, Sugiura & Ohira, 2007;Mahmut, Homewood & Stevenson, 2008;Gao & Raine, 2010). Furthermore, as previously mentioned, research findings based upon incarcerated individuals may not generalize to psychopaths in the community and may pertain more to criminality than psychopathy itself (Gao & Raine, 2010).…”