The changing spectrum of rheumatic disease in human immunodeficiency virus infection

Reveille, John D.

doi:10.1053/sarh.2000.16527

Cited by 88 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…The findings in the present study on the effect of HAART on cryoglobulinemia agree with previous studies demonstrating a beneficial effect of HAART in other autoimmune conditions that are associated with HIV infection [Caso et al, 1999;Reveille, 2000;Salliot et al, 2002;Zandman-Goddard and Shoenfeld, 2002;Panayiotakopoulos et al, 2003], but are in contrast with other studies showing an exacerbation of autoimmune manifestations after HAART due to immune reconstitution [Diri et al, 2000;Jubault et al, 2000]. A possible explanation for this discrepancy may be that different pathogenetic mechanisms underlie various autoimmune phenomena.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Decreased prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia in the HAART era among HIV‐positive, HCV‐negative patients

Kosmas

Kontos

Panayiotakopoulos

et al. 2006

Journal of Medical Virology

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There is an established association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and mixed cryoglobulinemia, as demonstrated in studies mostly conducted before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). To assess the impact of the latter on the cryoglobulinemic status in patients with HIV infection, 133 consecutive, unselected HIV-positive patients, from which only 8 (6%) had co-infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), were evaluated for the presence of cryoglobulins, according to whether they received or not antiretroviral therapy (ART). Patients shown to be cryoglobulin-positive in a previous study were assessed prospectively, after introducing HAART. Cryoglobulinemia was found in 10 (7.5%) of 133 patients:4 (3.9%) of 101 patients receiving ART versus 6 (18.8%) of 32 patients not receiving ART (P = 0.013). When HCV-positive patients were excluded from the analysis, the correlation between cryoglobulinemia and ART remained significant (P = 0.019). Among 11 previously detected cryoglobulin-positive patients, 8 became cryoglobulin-negative after receiving HAART for a mean period of 6.5 years (P = 0.039). Thus, ART seems to decrease the prevalence of cryoglobulinemia in HIV-infected, HCV-negative patients, a finding which provides indirect evidence of the etiologic role of HIV in the pathogenesis of cryoglobulins.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Decreased prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia in the HAART era among HIV‐positive, HCV‐negative patients

Kosmas

Kontos

Panayiotakopoulos

et al. 2006

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Immune reconstitution (IR) can be defined as an increased CD4 + count above 200 cells/mm 3 in subjects who previously had CD4 + counts lower than 100-200 cells/mm 3 (7). The development of autoimmune diseases in HIV patients is increasing (8,9). HAART promotes increased patient survival and IR, which could be factors that contribute to autoimmunity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between antiretrovirals and thyroid diseases: a cross-sectional study

Silva

Andrade

Sugui

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of thyroid diseases and anti-TPO status. We searched for an association among presence of immune reconstitution and use of stavudine, didanosine and protease inhibitors with thyroid diseases. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to analyze the records of 117 HIV-infected patients who had their CD4 + cell count, viral load, anti-TPO, TSH and free T 4 levels collected on the same day. Immune reconstitution was considered in those whose T CD4 + count was below 200 cells/mm³, but these values increased above 200 cells/mm³ after the use of antiretrovirals. The odds ratio obtained by a 2x2 contingency table and a chi-square test were used to measure the association between categorical variables. Results: The prevalence of thyroid disease was 34.18%; of these, 4.34% were positive for anti-TPO. There was an association of risk between stavudine use and subclinical hypothyroidism (OR = 4.19, 95% CI: 1.29 to 13.59, X² = 6.37, p = 0.01). Immune reconstitution achieved protection associated with thyroid disease that was near statistical significance OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.19 to 1.04, X² = 3.55, p = 0.059. Conclusion:The prevalence of thyroid disease in the sample studied was higher than what had been found in the literature, with a low positive anti-TPO frequency. The historical use of stavudine has an association of risk for the presence of subclinical hypothyroidism, and immune reconstitution has trends towards protection for the presence of thyroid diseases. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(2):116-22

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“…Bereits seit Beginn der AIDS-Epidemie im Jahre 1981 fielen Autoimmunphäno-mene bei einem Teil der Patienten auf und wurden in mehreren Übersichten dargestellt [28,42,47]. Im Folgenden sollen lediglich die Arthritiden, Myopathien und Thrombozytopenie (⊡ Tabelle 4) herausgegriffen werden.…”

Section: Hiv-infektionunclassified

Immundefekte und Autoimmunität

Warnatz

2003

Internist

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| Der Internist 2 · 2003 154Die wesentliche Aufgabe des Immunsystems besteht in der Unterscheidung zwischen Selbst und Fremd. Bei Versagen der Toleranz gegenüber Selbst kommt es zu Autoimmunreaktionen und bei unzureichender Erkennung von Fremd folgen Immunschwäche und Infektionen. Autoimmunität und Immundefizienz scheinen daher Gegensätze zu sein, treten aber bei manchen Erkrankungen als Kehrseiten desselben Defektes auf. Die bekanntesten Beispiele sind die HIVassoziierte Thrombozytopenie und die Assoziation des systemischen Lupus erythematodes sowohl mit Komplementals auch IgA-Defekten. Bei vielen der unter dem Sammelbegriff "variables Immundefektsyndrom" zusammengefassten Immundefekten bestehen Immunzytopenien, perniziöse Anämie, organspezifische Autoantikörper bis hin zu Kollagenose ähnlichen Krankheitsbildern. Nicht alle der autoreaktiv erscheinenden Phänomene sind jedoch autoimmun im engeren Sinne, z.T. handelt es sich insbesondere bei Arthritiden und der sklerosierenden Cholangitis um überschießende Immunreaktionen des defekten Immunsystems auf ungewöhnliche Erreger. Diese Übersicht soll einerseits die vielfachen Immundefektsyndrome ins differenzialdiagnostische Gedächtnis rufen und andererseits therapeutische Möglichkeiten in der Zwickmühle zwischen Autoimmunität und Immundefizienz aufzeigen.

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The changing spectrum of rheumatic disease in human immunodeficiency virus infection

Cited by 88 publications

References 173 publications

Decreased prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia in the HAART era among HIV‐positive, HCV‐negative patients

Decreased prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia in the HAART era among HIV‐positive, HCV‐negative patients

Association between antiretrovirals and thyroid diseases: a cross-sectional study

Immundefekte und Autoimmunität

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