Decreased prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia in the HAART era among HIV‐positive, HCV‐negative patients

Kosmas, Nikolaos; Kontos, Athanasios; Panayiotakopoulos, George; Dimitrakopoulos, Antonios; Kordossis, T.

doi:10.1002/jmv.20695

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…HCV lympho-tropism is the first step in B-cell hyper proliferation, regardless of cryoglobulinaemia [78,80] . E2 an HCV envelope protein interacts with the major extracellular loop of tetraspanin CD81, a signaling protein expressed by hepatocytes, B and T lymphocy tes [74] .…”

Section: Hcv In Cryoglobulinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus and neurological damage

Mathew

Faheem

Ibrahim

et al. 2016

WJH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Author contributions: Mathew S and Faheem M contributed equally to this manuscript; Qadri I conceived and designed the topic; Mathew S, Faheem M, Ibrahim SM, Iqbal W and Rauff B contributed to materials and wrote the paper; Faheem M, Ibrahim SM, Iqbal W, Rauff B, Fatima K and Qadri I contributed to proof reading of the manuscript.Supported by KACST large R and D grant to Ishtiaq Qadri (#162-34).Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article. AbstractChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection exhibits a wide range of extrahepatic complications, affecting various organs in the human body. Numerous HCV patients suffer neurological manifestations, ranging from cognitive impairment to peripheral neuropathy. Overexpression of the host immune response leads to the production of immune complexes, cryoglobulins, as well as autoantibodies, which is a major pathogenic mechanism responsible for nervous system dysfunction. Alternatively circulating inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and HCV replication in neurons is another factor that severely affects the nervous system. Furthermore, HCV infection causes both sensory and motor peripheral neuropathy in the mixed cryoglobulinemia as well as known as an important risk aspect for stroke. These extrahepatic manifestations are the reason behind underlying hepatic encephalopathy and chronic liver disease. The brain is an apt location for HCV replication, where the HCV virus may directly wield neurotoxicity. Other mechanisms that takes place by chronic HCV infection due the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders includes derangement of metabolic pathways of infected cells, autoimmune disorders, systemic or cerebral inflammation and alterations in neurotransmitter circuits. HCV and its pathogenic role is suggested by enhancement of psychiatric and neurological symptoms in patients attaining a sustained virologic response followed by treatment with interferon; however, further studies are required to fully assess the impact of HCV infection and its specific antiviral targets associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. REVIEWSubmit a

show abstract

Section: Hcv In Cryoglobulinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus and neurological damage

Mathew

Faheem

Ibrahim

et al. 2016

WJH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…MC has been found to occur in 27% of HIV-1 (+) patients (1996)(1997) [1], but its prevalence has declined during the HAART era (12/2003-07/2004) to 7.5% [2]. It is evident in the present study that MC is rare due possibly to earlier diagnosis and the use of HAART, but the long-term follow-up will clarify the phenomenon and give medical evidence as to whether the presence of MC is an indication for the initiation of treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rarity of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) in HIV-1 (+) treatment-naïve patients (09/2006–5/07/2008) and long-term follow-up

Mourtzoukos

Kordossis

Kontos

et al. 2008

JIAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of the studyStudy of the natural course of MC in HIV-1 (+) treatmentnaïve patients at presentation, who will be followed-up regularly to delineate the time course of appearance and evolution or possible disappearance of MC in association with clinical and laboratory indices, therapy and clinical outcome (development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL]). MethodsCurrently diagnosed patients (n = 67, men = 58, women = 9, mean age = 39.17 years, Greeks = 55, foreigners = 12) at their first staging examination were tested for the presence of MC. All participating patients will be followed-up every 4 months. Summary of resultsMC was found at presentation in four, in two in the first, second and third follow-up, and in the fourth and fifth follow-up, in one. Only in one patient, who was MC (+) in the first three tests, was CD8 lymphocytosis diagnosed. In the rest of the MC (+) patients, no evidence of NHL was found so far. ConclusionMC has been found to occur in 27% of HIV-1 (+) patients (1996)(1997) [1], but its prevalence has declined during the HAART era (12/2003-07/2004) to 7.5% [2]. It is evident in the present study that MC is rare due possibly to earlier diagnosis and the use of HAART, but the long-term follow-up will clarify the phenomenon and give medical evidence as to whether the presence of MC is an indication for the initiation of treatment.

show abstract

“…Monoinfected patients are usually asymptomatic, whereas coinfected patients present with low C3, palpable purpura, mononeuritis multiplex, arthralgias, and proteinuria [21,22]. HIVpositive/HCV-negative patients respond to HAART therapy [23], but HIV-positive/HCV-positive patients respond well to interferon and ribavirin [10].…”

Section: Cryoglobulinemia Types 2 Andmentioning

confidence: 98%

HIV Infection and Clinical Spectrum of Associated Vasculitides

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various infections have been causative in the pathogenesis of systemic vasculitides, and HIV infection is not spared. In an immunocompromised host, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella zoster virus, herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus, and mycobacteria, along with HIV infection can cause vasculitis. Herein we emphasize the spectrum of vasculitides, their pathogenesis, presentation, course, and therapy in the HIV-infected population. Every spectrum and size of the blood vessel involvement have been seen in HIV-associated vasculitides. We review each spectrum in detail and describe our experience with polyarteritis nodosa, the most common presentation occurring in HIV-infected patients. We also discuss the differences in HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C- related polyarteritis nodosa in detail.

show abstract

Decreased prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia in the HAART era among HIV‐positive, HCV‐negative patients

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Hepatitis C virus and neurological damage

Hepatitis C virus and neurological damage

Rarity of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) in HIV-1 (+) treatment-naïve patients (09/2006–5/07/2008) and long-term follow-up

HIV Infection and Clinical Spectrum of Associated Vasculitides

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About