The Brazilian Penitentiary System under the Threat of COVID-19

Ribeiro, Ludmila; Diniz, Alexandre Magno Alves

doi:10.1080/15564886.2020.1827109

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…During the present time of public health crisis, prisons and jails are subjected to exceedingly high levels of infection and risk of infection ( Kinner et al 2020 ). This is particularly the case in overcrowded prison systems, such as Italy ( Cingolani et al 2020 ), the United Kingdom ( Brennan 2020 ) and Brazil ( Ribeiro and Diniz 2020 ). Recent evidence from the United States suggests that prison overcrowding is linked to higher rates of COVID-19 disease outbreak and high death profile ( Vest et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Future Research and Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Incarceration as a Fundamental Social Cause of Health Inequalities: Jails, Prisons and Vulnerability to COVID-19

Novisky

Nowotny

Jackson

et al. 2021

The British Journal of Criminology

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Although research has established the disproportionate health burdens among incarcerated persons, the literature has yet to identify a theoretical framework for outlining the harms of incarceration associated with pandemics. We advance the literature theoretically by arguing two points. First, we assert that incarceration is a potent structural driver of health inequalities that must be considered as a fundamental social cause of disease. To underscore this point, we review how incarceration meets each of the four fundamental social cause criteria originally proposed by Link and Phelan. Second, given that incarceration is a fundamental social cause of disease, both currently and formerly incarcerated populations are likely to face heightened vulnerabilities to pandemics, including COVID-19, further exacerbating health disparities among incarceration-exposed groups.

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Section: Future Research and Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Incarceration as a Fundamental Social Cause of Health Inequalities: Jails, Prisons and Vulnerability to COVID-19

Novisky

Nowotny

Jackson

et al. 2021

The British Journal of Criminology

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“…Ainda que, desde 2006, o Brasil tenha seis unidades federais, localizadas em distintas unidades da federação, essas encarceram somente 668 presos. Ou seja, a enorme maioria de indivíduos privados de liberdade está sob guarda dos sistemas penitenciários estaduais, fazendo com que existam 28 sistemas penitenciários, marcados por grandes discrepâncias em termos de infraestrutura, disponibilidade de serviços (como saúde, educação, assistência e trabalho), além de perfis criminais (Ribeiro & Diniz, 2020). Em geral, as unidades prisionais são superlotadas, operando, em média, 66% acima da sua capacidade (DePen, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Territorios penitenciarios: la realidad del Complejo Penitenciario Nelson Hungría

Diniz

Oliveira²,

Duarte³

et al. 2023

EURE

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Este artículo analiza los territorios constituidos en el Complejo Penitenciario Nelson Hungría, una unidad penitenciaria inicialmente diseñada como de máxima seguridad, dirigida a los presos masculinos, ubicada en la Región Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. El objetivo es revelar cómo se construye la geografía carcelaria de esta unidad y cómo ella termina reflejando la dinámica de sociabilidad en prisión. Por lo tanto, se utilizaron datos obtenidos a través de una encuesta que incluyó la observación de los espacios de la unidad, entrevistas con diferentes tipos de actores (como funcionarios de la administración penitenciaria y reclusos), además de la creación de planos de los sitios y mapas que indican cómo dichos espacios se encuentran ocupados por personas específicas. Los distintos territorios instituidos en el Complejo Penitenciario Nelson Hungría producen y refuerzan identidades, muchas de las cuales han sido construidas por los presos junto con agentes estatales

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“…For example, confirmed cases were reported in prisons of British, France, United States, Pakistani, India and Brazil, etc. [10][11][12][13][14]. Lessons from COVID-19 infections in both domestic and foreign prisons were learned deeply by the penitentiary system in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health status among prison officers in the process of enforcing the law during COVID-19epidemic: a cross-sectional survey from China

Wen

He³

et al. 2022

BMC Psychiatry

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Background A global public health emergency triggered by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic may have are markable psychological impact on the population. There is still limited psychological research on police officers, especially prison officers in the process of enforcing the law. The present study aims to identify prevalence and influencing factors on mental health status among frontline prison officers in China during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey with a sample of 981 frontline prison officers was conducted using snowball sampling approach. The self-administered questionnaire consisted of 4 parts: (i) informed consent form; (ii) socio-demographic section; (iii) work and life situations during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic; (iv) the Chinese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify factors influencing mental health status. Results The prevalence of being prone to mental health problems (GHQ-12 score ≥ 4) was 33.43% among frontline prison officers. The results of GHQ-12 factors analysis indicated that the prison officers suffered from psychological issues was related to anxiety and depression, which main symptoms were unhappy and depressed, lost sleep over worry and constantly under strain. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male (OR = 1.573, 95% CI:1.385–1.853), lockdown shift inside the prison(OR = 2.203, 95% CI:2.139–2.297), more night shifts (OR = 2.163, 95% CI:2.031–2.317; OR = 2.749, 95% CI:2.194–2.901), more smoking (OR = 1.100, 95% CI:1.037–2.168), poor self-reported physical condition (OR = 1.947, 95% CI:1.478–2.250), chronic or serious illness history(OR = 1.870, 95% CI:1.314–2.660; OR = 2.214, 95% CI:1.460–2.812) were risk factors for mental health among frontline prison officers, while regular diet (OR = 0.779, 95% CI:0.539–0.928), more physical exercise (OR = 0.702, 95% CI:0.548–0.899; OR = 0.641, 95% CI:0.316–0.887), more communication with family members (OR = 0.437, 95% CI:0.295–0.616) were protective factors. Conclusion Chinese frontline prison officers experienced different psychological stress coming from the prevention and control of this epidemic. Therefore, continued surveillance of psychological problems and targeted mental health care for frontline prison officers were urgent.

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The Brazilian Penitentiary System under the Threat of COVID-19

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Incarceration as a Fundamental Social Cause of Health Inequalities: Jails, Prisons and Vulnerability to COVID-19

Incarceration as a Fundamental Social Cause of Health Inequalities: Jails, Prisons and Vulnerability to COVID-19

Territorios penitenciarios: la realidad del Complejo Penitenciario Nelson Hungría

Mental health status among prison officers in the process of enforcing the law during COVID-19epidemic: a cross-sectional survey from China

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