The association between subgingival periodontal pathogens and systemic inflammation

Winning, Lewis; Patterson, Christopher; Cullen, Kathy; Stevenson, Kathryn A; Lundy, Fionnuala T.; Kee, Frank; Linden, Gerard J.

doi:10.1111/jcpe.12450

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…While previous studies have found CRP (Winning et al. ) and phospholipase A 2 (Boillot et al. ) levels to be associated with specific members of the subgingival microbiota, those studies only assessed a small number of bacterial species and were conducted in subjects who were substantially older, included participants with pre‐existing T2DM and a higher prevalence of severe periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The subgingival microbiome, systemic inflammation and insulin resistance: The Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance Study

Demmer

Breskin

Rosenbaum

et al. 2017

J Clinic Periodontology

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Background Inflammation might link microbial exposures to insulin resistance. We investigated the cross-sectional association between periodontal microbiota, inflammation and insulin resistance. Methods The Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance Study (ORIGINS) enrolled 152 diabetes-free adults (77% female) aged 20–55 years (mean=34±10). 304 subgingival plaque samples were analyzed using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray to measure the relative abundances of 379 taxa. C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and adiponectin were assessed from venous blood and their z-scores were summed to create an inflammatory score (IS). Insulin resistance was defined via the HOMA-IR. Associations between the microbiota and both inflammation and HOMA-IR were explored using multivariable linear regressions; mediation analyses assessed the proportion of the association explained by inflammation. Results The IS was inversely associated with Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria and positively associated with Firmicutes and TM7 (p-values < 0.05). Proteobacteria levels were associated with insulin resistance (p < 0.05). Inflammation explained 30%–98% of the observed associations between levels of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria or Firmicutes and insulin resistance (p-values < 0.05). 18 individual taxa were associated with inflammation (p < 0.05) and 22 with insulin resistance (p < 0.05). No findings met Bonferroni-adjusted statistical significance. Conclusion Bacterial measures were related to inflammation and insulin resistance among diabetes-free adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The subgingival microbiome, systemic inflammation and insulin resistance: The Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance Study

Demmer

Breskin

Rosenbaum

et al. 2017

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…Alternatively, data have suggested that the inflammatory response to periodontal bacteria at the inflamed periodontal tissues represents a source of persistent chronic systemic inflammation [38]. Pro-inflammatory mediators and biomarkers are significantly more elevated in serum and gingival crevicular fluid of individuals with periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy individuals [38–41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pro-inflammatory mediators and biomarkers are significantly more elevated in serum and gingival crevicular fluid of individuals with periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy individuals [38–41]. In addition, periodontal treatment generally lowers most of these mediators [41,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the gut microbiota in individuals with periodontal diseases: an exploratory study

Lourenςo

Spencer

Alm

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

109

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Background: This exploratory study aimed to characterize the gut microbiome of individuals with different periodontal conditions, and correlate it with periodontal inflammation and tissue destruction.Methods: Stool samples were obtained from individuals presenting periodontal health (PH = 7), gingivitis (G = 14) and chronic periodontitis (CP = 23). The intestinal microbiome composition was determined by Illumina MiSeq sequencing.Results: A lower alpha-diversity in the gut microbiome of individuals with CP was observed, although no significant difference among groups was found (p > 0.01). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Euryarchaeota were increased, whereas Bacteroidetes were decreased in abundance in patients with periodontitis compared to PH. Prevotella (genus), Comamonadaceae (family) and Lactobacillales (order) were detected in higher numbers in G, while Bacteroidales (order) was predominant in PH (p < 0.01). Significant correlations (rho = 0.337–0.468, p < 0.01) were found between OTUs representative of periodontal pathogens and attachment loss. Mogibacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae and Prevotella were able to discriminate individuals with periodontal diseases from PH (overall accuracy = 84%). Oral taxa were detected in high numbers in all stool samples.Conclusions: Individuals with periodontal diseases present a less diverse gut microbiome consistent with other systemic inflammatory diseases. High numbers of oral taxa related to periodontal destruction and inflammation were detected in the gut microbiome of individuals regardless of periodontal status.

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“…There is evidence that individuals with chronic periodontitis have elevated serum CRP concentrations when compared with periodontally healthy controls (16). It has also been reported that the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque is significantly associated with raised serum CRP concentration (17). These observations are consistent with the present results, which indicate that severe periodontitis induces elevated serum CRP concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association between periodontitis and prognosis of pancreatobiliary tract cancer: A pilot study

Maruyama

Tomofuji

Machida

et al. 2017

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

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Abstract. Several studies have indicated that periodontitis is a risk factor for cancer. However, the association between periodontitis and the prognosis of pancreatobiliary tract cancer remains unclear. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the association between periodontitis and prognosis of pancreatobiliary tract cancer. A total of 22 patients diagnosed with pancreatobiliary tract cancer were analyzed. Oral health status, including severity of periodontitis, general health status and biochemical serum markers were evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess factors affecting the prognosis of pancreatobiliary tract cancer. The Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that low body mass index, high concentration of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and severe periodontitis were significant prognostic factors for survival rate. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed that serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 concentration [hazard ratio (HR)=1.002; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.000-1.004] and serum CRP concentration (HR=2.57; 95% CI: 1.15-5.74) were significantly associated with the prognosis of pancreatobiliary tract cancer. In addition, cancer patients with severe periodontitis had higher serum CRP concentrations compared with those without severe periodontitis. Therefore, severe periodontitis indirectly affected the prognosis of pancreatobiliary tract cancer through promoting systemic inflammation.

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The association between subgingival periodontal pathogens and systemic inflammation

Abstract: In these 60-70-year-old dentate men, the presence of P. gingivalis in subgingival plaque was significantly associated with a raised level of C-reactive protein.

Cited by 45 publications

References 45 publications

The subgingival microbiome, systemic inflammation and insulin resistance: The Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance Study

The subgingival microbiome, systemic inflammation and insulin resistance: The Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance Study

Defining the gut microbiota in individuals with periodontal diseases: an exploratory study

Association between periodontitis and prognosis of pancreatobiliary tract cancer: A pilot study

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