The analysis of the electric heating of the WC-Co hard-alloy under consideration of the dependence of it's characteristics on the temperature

Raichenko, A. I.; Chernikova, E. S.; Olevsky, Eugene A.

doi:10.1051/jp4:19937190

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Only few attempts have been undertaken to develop SPS-specific constitutive models of powder consolidation [6][7][8][9][10] ; most of the modeling work on SPS has been dedicated to the numerical (predominantly, finite element) analyses of temperature and electric current distributions evolving in the tooling and specimens during SPS processing. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Among the latter group of articles, some of the works assume specimen-free SPS setups 17 (these studies are useful for SPS tooling thermal expansion calibration), and some publications 18,20,25 include stress analyses for SPS tooling and for powder specimens. The above-mentioned stress analyses, however, are based on the assumption of fully dense specimens, ignoring the time evolution of the relative density of the specimen and assuming its nonrealistic (e.g., elastic) deformational behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conducted literature surveys indicate that spark plasma sintering (SPS) predictiveness and optimization depend on the availability of reliable process models, which are currently of high demand. Only few attempts have been undertaken to develop SPS‐specific constitutive models of powder consolidation; most of the modeling work on SPS has been dedicated to the numerical (predominantly, finite element) analyses of temperature and electric current distributions evolving in the tooling and specimens during SPS processing . Among the latter group of articles, some of the works assume specimen‐free SPS setups (these studies are useful for SPS tooling thermal expansion calibration), and some publications include stress analyses for SPS tooling and for powder specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fundamental Aspects of Spark Plasma Sintering: II. Finite Element Analysis of Scalability

et al. 2012

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A comprehensive three‐dimensional fully coupled thermo‐electro‐mechanical finite element framework is developed for modeling spark plasma sintering (SPS). The finite element model is applied to the simulation of spark plasma processing with four different tooling sizes and various temperature regimes. The comparison of modeling and experimental results shows that the model is reliable for qualitative predictions of the densification behavior and of the grain growth in powder specimens subjected to SPS with a given temperature regime. The conducted modeling indicates the possibility of changing the heating pattern of the specimen (warmer central areas of the specimen's volume and cooler outside areas or vice versa) depending on the size of the tooling. High heating rates and large specimen sizes elevate the temperature and, in turn, material structure gradients during SPS processing. The obtained results suggest that the industrial implementation of SPS techniques should be based on the predictive capability of reliable modeling approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Aspects of Spark Plasma Sintering: II. Finite Element Analysis of Scalability

et al. 2012

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“…Because of the complex nature of various phenomena involved in SPS, only a relatively moderate number of modeling attempts have been undertaken until presently 1–56 . One of the most important questions: which factors provide accelerated densification and, in many cases, limited grain growth under SPS compared with regular hot pressing applied to the same material systems, still remains unanswered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Thermal Diffusion on Densification During SPS

Olevsky

Froyen

2009

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

203

103

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Spark-plasma sintering (SPS) has the potential for rapid (with heating rates reaching several hundred K/min) and efficient consolidation of a broad spectrum of powder materials. Possible mechanisms of the enhancement of consolidation in SPS versus conventional techniques of powder processing are categorized with respect to their thermal and athermal nature. This paper analyzes the influence of thermal diffusion, which is an SPS consolidation enhancement factor of a thermal nature. The Ludwig-Soret effect of thermal diffusion causes concentration gradients in two-component systems subjected to a temperature gradient. The thermal diffusion-based constitutive mechanism of sintering results from the additional driving force instigated by spatial temperature gradients, which cause vacancy diffusion. This mechanism is a commonly omitted addition to the freesurface curvature-driven diffusion considered in conventional sintering theories. The interplay of three mechanisms of material transport during SPS is considered: surface tension-and external stress-driven grain-boundary diffusion, surface tensionand external stress-driven power-law creep, and temperature gradient-driven thermal diffusion. It is shown that the effect of thermal diffusion can be significant for ceramic powder systems. Besides SPS, the results obtained are applicable to the ample range of powder consolidation techniques, which involve high local temperature gradients.The case study conducted on the alumina powder SPS demonstrates the correlation between the modeling and experimental data. It is noted that this study considers only one of many possible mechanisms of the consolidation enhancement during SPS. Further efforts on the modeling of field-assisted powder processing are necessary.

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“…The current density was determined by the quasi-steady-state equation of current flow taking into account the dependence of the resistivity on temperature. In Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Raichenko et al [ 134 , 135 , 139 ] considered a similar problem and studied the influence of electric current on the processes at the interface between the powder compact and the punch. Denoting the temperature of the powder compact as T 1 and the temperature of the punches as T 2 , a system of equations can be composed (1), which determines the temperature distribution in the sample ( i = 1) and punches ( i = 2) along the vertical Z-axis.…”

Section: Modeling Of Electric Current-assisted Consolidation Of Pomentioning

confidence: 99%

Outside Mainstream Electronic Databases: Review of Studies Conducted in the USSR and Post-Soviet Countries on Electric Current-Assisted Consolidation of Powder Materials

et al. 2013

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This paper reviews research articles published in the former USSR and post-soviet countries on the consolidation of powder materials using electric current that passes through the powder sample and/or a conductive die-punch set-up. Having been published in Russian, many of the reviewed papers are not included in the mainstream electronic databases of the scientific articles and thus are not known to the scientific community. The present review is aimed at filling this information gap. In the paper, the electric current-assisted sintering techniques based on high- and low-voltage approaches are presented. The main results of the theoretical modeling of the processes of electromagnetic field-assisted consolidation of powder materials are discussed. Sintering experiments and related equipment are described and the major experimental results are analyzed. Sintering conditions required to achieve the desired properties of the sintered materials are provided for selected material systems. Tooling materials used in the electric current-assisted consolidation set-ups are also described.

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The analysis of the electric heating of the WC-Co hard-alloy under consideration of the dependence of it's characteristics on the temperature

Abstract: No abstract availabl

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Fundamental Aspects of Spark Plasma Sintering: II. Finite Element Analysis of Scalability

Fundamental Aspects of Spark Plasma Sintering: II. Finite Element Analysis of Scalability

Impact of Thermal Diffusion on Densification During SPS

Outside Mainstream Electronic Databases: Review of Studies Conducted in the USSR and Post-Soviet Countries on Electric Current-Assisted Consolidation of Powder Materials

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