Outside Mainstream Electronic Databases: Review of Studies Conducted in the USSR and Post-Soviet Countries on Electric Current-Assisted Consolidation of Powder Materials

Olevsky, Eugene A.; Aleksandrova, Elena V.; Ilyina, Alexandra M.; Dudina, Dina V.; Novoselov, Alexander N.; Pelve, Kirill Y.; Grigoryev, E. G.

doi:10.3390/ma6104375

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Spark‐plasma sintering, also known as electric‐discharge sintering and field‐assisted sintering, was originally developed to process hard to densify materials and to control their microstructure . A number of comprehensive review articles highlighted various aspects of SPS . The technique is also gaining commercial importance as is evident from the large number of patents issued for this process .…”

Section: Innovative and Novel Sintering Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current understanding and future research directions at the onset of the next century of sintering science and technology

2017

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Sintering and accompanying microstructural evolution is inarguably the most important step in the processing of ceramics and hard metals. In this process, an ensemble of particles is converted into a coherent object of controlled density and microstructure at an elevated temperature (but below the melting point) due to the thermodynamic tendency of the particle system to decrease its total surface and interfacial energy. Building on a long development history as a major technological process, sintering remains among the most viable methods of fabricating novel ceramics, including high surface area structures, nanopowder-based systems, and tailored structural and functional materials. Developing new and perfecting existing sintering techniques is crucial to meet ever-growing demand for a broad range of technologically significant systems including, for example, fuel and solar cell components, electronic packages and elements for computers and wireless devices, ceramic and metal-based bioimplants, thermoelectric materials, materials for thermal management, and materials for extreme environments.In this study, the current state of the science and technology of sintering is presented. This study is, however, not a comprehensive review of this extremely broad field. Furthermore, it only focuses on the sintering of ceramics. The fundamentals of sintering, including the thermodynamics and kinetics for solid-stateand liquid-phase-sintered systems are described. This study summarizes that the sintering of amorphous ceramics (glasses) is well understood and there is excellent agreement between theory and experiments. For crystalline materials, attention is drawn to the effect of the grain boundary and interface structure on sintering and microstructural evolution, areas that are expected to be significant for future studies. Considerable emphasis is placed on the topics of current research, including the sintering of composites, multilayered systems, microstructure-based models, multiscale models, sintering under external stresses, and innovative and novel sintering approaches, such as field-assisted sintering. This study includes the status of these subfields, the outstanding challenges and opportunities, and the outlook of progress in sintering research. Throughout the manuscript, we highlight the important lessons learned from sintering fundamentals and their implementation in practice.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Section: Innovative and Novel Sintering Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…237,238 A number of comprehensive review articles highlighted various aspects of SPS. [239][240][241] The technique is also gaining commercial importance as is evident from the large number of patents issued for this process. 242 A schematic of the process is shown in Figure 14.…”

Section: Spark-plasma Sintering (Sps) or Field-assisted Sintering (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current understanding and future research directions at the onset of the next century of sintering science and technology

2017

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“…In the effort of investigating and classifying SPS technologies, especially in a context in which innovative electricity‐assisted consolidation techniques are being rapidly developed and optimized, studies devoted to the identification of novel methodologies and patented updates have been conducted …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancement of Tooling for Spark Plasma Sintering

et al. 2015

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A combined experimental and numerical study is conducted to investigate temperature nonhomogeneities within a Spark Plasma Sintering tooling setup. Radial thermal gradients through a powder compact are encountered, a cause of microstructural nonuniformities in sintered specimens, which tend to become more significant when increasing the setup's characteristic size. In the insulating silicon nitride powder compact employed for the experimental procedures, a double pyrometer arrangement detects a strong temperature disparity between the overheated die and the area adjacent to the tooling's axis. A previous finite‐element simulations campaign had individuated a possible solution in a novel punch design, consisting in the drilling of three concentric ring‐shaped holes according to a specific geometrical pattern, whose efficacy is here experimentally verified. Further punch optimization strategies are drawn, involving a refinement of the three‐rings geometry by linearly varying the drilled holes characteristic dimensions along the radial direction, or the selective coating and consequent insulation of the punch cross section with a thin layer of hexagonal boron nitride. Ideal configurations are identified, consisting in a concentration of the graphite punch's mass at its center by means of a tailored holes pattern, or in the coating of a portion of the conventionally shaped punch with boron nitride.

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“…Ultrafast ECAS [16], based on capacitive discharge, is mainly used to sinter electrically conductive metals and cermets (ceramic-metal composites). It employs a capacitive discharge lasting less than 0.1 s, uniaxial pressures up to 1 GPa and a very high peak power dissipation (>10 9 mW mm…”

Section: Fs: Operating Window (Peak Volumetric Power Dissipation and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of flash sintering: materials, mechanisms and modelling

Grasso

McKinnon

et al. 2016

Advances in Applied Ceramics

394

248

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Flash sintering (FS) is an energy efficient sintering technique involving electrical Joule heating, which allows very rapid densification (<60 s) of particulate materials. Since the first publication on flash-sintered zirconia (3YSZ) in 2010, it has been intensively researched and applied to a wide range of materials. Going back more than a century ago, we have found a close similarity between FS of oxides and Nernst glowers developed in 1897. This review provides a comprehensive overview of FS and is based on a literature survey consisting of 88 papers and seven patents. It correlates processing parameters (i.e. electric field magnitude, current density, waveforms (AC, DC) and frequency, furnace temperature, electrode materials/ configuration, externally applied pressure and sintering atmosphere) with microstructures and densification mechanisms. Theorised mechanisms driving the rapid densification are substantiated by modelling work, advanced in situ analysis techniques and by established theories applied to electric current assisted/activated sintering techniques. The possibility of applying FS to a wider range of materials and its implementation in industrial scale processes are discussed.

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Outside Mainstream Electronic Databases: Review of Studies Conducted in the USSR and Post-Soviet Countries on Electric Current-Assisted Consolidation of Powder Materials

Cited by 37 publications

References 66 publications

Current understanding and future research directions at the onset of the next century of sintering science and technology

Current understanding and future research directions at the onset of the next century of sintering science and technology

Advancement of Tooling for Spark Plasma Sintering

Review of flash sintering: materials, mechanisms and modelling

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