The acoustic detection and characteristics of sublittoral bivalve reefs in the Bay of Fundy

Wildish, D. J.; Fader, G B J; Lawton, Peter; MacDonald, Amelia J.

doi:10.1016/s0278-4343(98)80002-2

Cited by 45 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Irrespective of impact, there was also a change in the epifaunal community over time where Alcyonium digitatum and Antedon bifida , in particular, decreased in abundance. Although these observations probably reflect normal community dynamics they do highlight the need for investigations of the indirect effects of fishing gear such as re-suspended sediment [57] because large amounts of fine material are trapped in tidal areas under living M. modiolus reefs [4], [10]. It is possible that the mobilisation of this sediment could inhibit bivalve spat settlement [57] as well as the feeding of other species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Horse mussels ( Modiolus modiolus Linnaeus) are a non-target species in much of their range and widespread in the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Dense beds of M. modiolus are biogenic reefs [3] and have a more limited known distribution in the White Sea, Bay of Fundy, the Irish Sea, Scotland, Scandinavia and Iceland [4]–[8]. In common with many other types of biogenic shellfish reefs, those formed by M. modiolus are known to be threatened and declining [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In open-coast locations with moderate to high tidal flow, M. modiolus reefs can form long-lived structures up to 3m above the surrounding seabed [4], [10]–[12]. These habitats create high levels of physical complexity where clumps of dense M. modiolus provide substrata for an epifaunal community whilst the spaces between mussels accumulate sediment which supports a rich crevice and infauna of 200–300 species, at densities exceeding 22,000 individuals m −2 [13], [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Substantial First Impact of Bottom Fishing on Rare Biodiversity Hotspots: A Dilemma for Evidence-Based Conservation

et al. 2013

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This study describes the impact of the first passage of two types of bottom-towed fishing gear on rare protected shellfish-reefs formed by the horse mussel Modiolus modiolus (L.). One of the study sites was trawled and the other was scallop-dredged. Divers collected HD video imagery of epifauna from quadrats at the two study sites and directed infaunal samples from one site.The total number of epifaunal organisms was significantly reduced following a single pass of a trawl (90%) or scallop dredge (59%), as was the diversity of the associated community and the total number of M. modiolus at the trawled site. At both sites declines in anthozoans, hydrozoans, bivalves, echinoderms and ascidians accounted for most of the change. A year later, no recovery was evident at the trawled site and significantly fewer infaunal taxa (polychaetes, malacostracans, bivalves and ophuroids) were recorded in the trawl track.The severity of the two types of impact reflected the undisturbed status of the habitats compared to previous studies. As a ‘priority habitat’ the nature of the impacts described on M. modiolus communities are important to the development of conservation management policy and indicators of condition in Marine Protected Areas (EU Habitats Directive) as well as indicators of ‘Good Environmental Status’ under the European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive.Conservation managers are under pressure to support decisions with good quality evidence. Elsewhere, indirect studies have shown declines of M. modiolus biogenic communities in fishing grounds. However, given the protected status of the rare habitat, premeditated demonstration of direct impact is unethical or illegal in Marine Protected Areas. This study therefore provides a unique opportunity to investigate the impact from fishing gear whilst at the same time reflecting on the dilemma of evidence-based conservation management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Substantial First Impact of Bottom Fishing on Rare Biodiversity Hotspots: A Dilemma for Evidence-Based Conservation

et al. 2013

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“…Removal of mussels results in a reduction of habitat complexity (Cranfield, 2004;Rees et al, 2008;Seed and Suchanek, 1992;Wildish et al, 1998). Increased fragmentation from anthropogenic impact can result in low connectivity between the local subpopulations leading to loss of sources of larvae and recruitment limitation in the metapopulation sinks (Kritzer and Sale, 2004;Kinlan et al, 2005;Lipcius et al, 2008;Mann and Evans, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying optimal sites for natural recovery and restoration of impacted biogenic habitats in a special area of conservation using hydrodynamic and habitat suitability modelling

Elsäßer

Fariñas‐Franco

Wilson

et al. 2013

Journal of Sea Research

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Publisher rights This is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Sea Research. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Sea Research, Vol. 77, 03/2013 General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT2 AbstractSelection of sites for successful restoration of impacted shellfish populations depends on understanding the dispersion capability and habitat requirements of the species involved. In Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland, the horse mussel (Modiolus modiolus) biogenic reefs cover only a fraction of their historical range with the remaining reefs badly damaged and requiring restoration. Previous experimental trials suggest that translocation of horse mussels accelerate reef recovery and has therefore been proposed as a suitable restoration technique.We used a series of coupled hydrodynamic and particle dispersal models to assess larval dispersion from remnant and translocated populations to identify suitable areas for adult live M. modiolus translocation in Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland. A maximum entropy model (MAXENT) was used to identify if dispersing larvae could reach habitat suitable for adult M.modiolus. From these we predicted if translocated mussels will reseed themselves or be able to act as larval sources for nearby reefs. The dispersal models showed that the remnant M.modiolus populations are largely self-recruiting with little connectivity between them. The majority of larvae settled near the sources and movement was largely dependent on the tides and not influenced by wind or waves. Higher reef elevation resulted in larvae been able to disperse further away from the release point. However, larval numbers away from the source population are likely to be too low for successful recruitment. There was also little connectivity between the Irish Sea and Strangford Lough as any larvae entering the Lough remained predominantly in the Strangford Na...

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“…The reflectance of hard shells is used to distinguish mollusc populations on a sandy or muddy bottom, and groups of colonies are thus easily observed. When there is a high density, the limpet population reflects the acoustic wave in a similar way to a mussel bioherm (Wildish et al 1998). The higher the density, the stronger the reflection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent expansion of the slipper limpet population (Crepidula fornicata) in the Bay of Mont-Saint-Michel (Western Channel, France)

Blanchard

2009

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-A population of the invasive slipper limpet (Crepidula fornicata) has been spreading in the Bay of MontSaint-Michel (Western English Channel) for 40 years. Sidescan sonar, underwater video and quantitative sampling were conducted in 1996 and 2004 to document the widening geographic spread of the species over the bay. The limpet population grew by 50% during this period, to reach a fresh biomass of about 150 000 t. This local study analyses causes and effects of the spread and provides a typical example of the limpet spreading process. This population increase has significant effects on the environment in the most densely colonized area (modification to the sediment and biodiversity), leading to the emergence of a new benthic community. Anthropic dredging activities are among the causative factors of the spread but are also adversely affected by the invasion.

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The acoustic detection and characteristics of sublittoral bivalve reefs in the Bay of Fundy

Cited by 45 publications

References 5 publications

The Substantial First Impact of Bottom Fishing on Rare Biodiversity Hotspots: A Dilemma for Evidence-Based Conservation

The Substantial First Impact of Bottom Fishing on Rare Biodiversity Hotspots: A Dilemma for Evidence-Based Conservation

Identifying optimal sites for natural recovery and restoration of impacted biogenic habitats in a special area of conservation using hydrodynamic and habitat suitability modelling

Recent expansion of the slipper limpet population (Crepidula fornicata) in the Bay of Mont-Saint-Michel (Western Channel, France)

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