The Accessibility of the Cell Wall in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Sapwood to Colloidal Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles

Abstract

This work presents a rapid and facile way to access the cell wall of wood with magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), providing insights into a method of wood modification to prepare hybrid bio-based functional materials. Diffusion-driven infiltration into Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood was achieved using colloidal Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction analyses were used to detect and assess the accessibility of the cell wall to Fe 3 O 4 . The structural changes, filling of tracheids (cell lumina), and NP infiltration depth were further evaluated by performing X-ray microcomputed tomography analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to assess the chemical changes in Scots pine induced by the interaction of the wood with the solvent. The thermal stability of Fe 3 O 4 -modified wood was studied by thermogravimetric analysis. Successful infiltration of the Fe 3 O 4 NPs was confirmed by measuring the magnetic properties of cross-sectioned layers of the modified wood. The results indicate the feasibility of creating multiple functionalities that may lead to many future applications, including structural nanomaterials with desirable thermal properties, magnetic devices, and sensors.

Brushite mineralised Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood – revealing mineral crystallization within a wood matrix by in situ XRD

“…The fingerprint 1150–950 cm −1 region exhibited bands due to various polysaccharide vibrations. 7,52,53…”

“…The ngerprint 1150-950 cm −1 region exhibited bands due to various polysaccharide vibrations. 7,52,53 IR spectra of the brushite-mineralised wood exhibited different spectral features. The clearly distinguishable absorption peaks observed at ∼1207, 1125 (appearing as doublet at 1130, 1123 cm −1 ), 1057, 986 and 869 cm −1 are characteristic of brushite: the vibrations that occur due to the movement of H atom of the HPO 4 group are present at 1207 cm −1 , while the P-O stretching vibrations of HPO 4 group gives bands in the 1150-850 cm −1 region.…”

Magnetic and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Wood Particleboards Composite (MWPC) Fabricated with FE3o4 Nanoparticles and Three Plantation Wood

“…For shielding or deviating direct magnetic fields, the magnetic susceptibility is the magnetic property that defines the efficiency of the material, and it can be calculated or obtained by the hysteresis loop. When recounting the different ways in which wood has been investigated, the wood solid shape has had the greatest interest and has been investigated in different species, such as Scots pine (Garskaite et al 2021), Populus tormentosa (Dong et al 2015), fir woods (Gao et al 2012), Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica (Oka et al 2004a;Dong et al 2015), and poplar wood (Gan et al 2017a). In wood shavings, poplar wood (Mashkour and Ranjbar 2018) and Populus deltoides (Mashkour and Ranjbar 2018) have been investigated.…”

“…Another important aspect of the technique of magnetizing the wood in situ, in addition to the shape of the wood, is the species; this method has been applied to different species, such as the genus Populus, Picea abies, poplar and fir woods, Scots pine, Fagus sylvatica, and cedar sapwood (Oka et al 2004a;Gao et al 2012;Dong et al 2015;Gan et al 2017a;Mashkour and Ranjbar 2018;Lou et al 2019b;Garskaite et al 2021). These studies have been limited to species of temperate climate.…”

“…Figure3shows only the FT-IR spectrum from 500 to 1800 cm) and not the band from 1900 to 3500 cm 21 ; this region represents the absorption bands assigned to the O-H stretching vibration of hydroxyl groups (3340 cm 21 ) and the bands at 2901 correspond to -CH 3 asymmetric(Gan et al 2017b). The band from 500 to 1800 cm 21 corresponds to the organic region of the wood and the presence of Fe 3 O 4 formation(Garskaite et al 2021). In the case of the organic region, changes in the structure of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are evident and to a different degree in each of the species (Fig3).…”