The 3T3 neutral red uptake phototoxicity test: Practical experience and implications for phototoxicity testing – The report of an ECVAM–EFPIA workshop

Ceridono, Mara; Tellner, Pär; Bauer, Daniel; Barroso, José G.; Alépée, Nathalie; Corvi, Raffaella; Smedt, Ann De; Fellows, Mick D.; Gibbs, Neil K.; Heisler, Eckhard; Jacobs, Abigail; Jírová, Dagmar; Jones, David; Kanďárová, Helena; Kasper, P.; Akunda, Jacqueline K.; Krul, Cyrille; Learn, Douglas B.; Liebsch, Manfred; Lynch, Anthony M.; Muster, Wolfgang; Nakamura, Kazuichi; Nash, John J.; Pfannenbecker, U.; Phillips, Gareth; Roblès, C.; Rogiers, Vera; Water, Femke Van De; Liminga, Ulla; Vohr, H.-W.; Wattrelos, Olivier; Woods, Julie A.; Zuang, Valérie; Joachim, Kreysa; Wilcox, Philip E.

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.06.001

Cited by 78 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Final considerations. The tiered strategy recommended by OECD (2004) guideline and subsequent papers (Ceridono et al, 2012;Jírova et al, 2005;Kejlová et al, 2007) include 3T3 as the first test to be performed in the evaluation of phototoxicity in compounds. A negative 3T3 NRU-PT result is regarded as a sufficient stand-alone indicator for photosafety, while a positive one always requires further considerations and testing.…”

Section: Phototoxicity and Photoallergy Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of retinyl palmitate and UV-filters: Phototoxic risk assessment based on photostability and in vitro and in vivo phototoxicity assays

Benevenuto

Guerra²,

Gaspar

2015

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Section: Phototoxicity and Photoallergy Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of retinyl palmitate and UV-filters: Phototoxic risk assessment based on photostability and in vitro and in vivo phototoxicity assays

Benevenuto

Guerra²,

Gaspar

2015

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Given that false negatives are particularly infrequent when using this method, it can be considered suitable for the evaluation of phototoxicity. One application of 3T3 NRU PT testing is the evaluation of poorly water-soluble substances, for which an alternative method, a 3-dimensional cultured skin model, has also been proposed (Ceridono et al, 2012;Portes et al, 2002;Netzaff et al, 2005). Since 3T3 NRU PT can characteristically identify phototoxicological hazards with almost 100% specificity, it can be considered highly economical and easier to use than the 3-dimensional cultured skin model and was therefore used in this study to evaluate poorly water-soluble substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a modified 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test protocol for evaluation of poorly water-soluble substances

et al. 2017

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-The 3T3 neutral red uptake phototoxicity test (OECD TG432) is an alternative phototoxicity test method that is relatively easy and rapid to implement, with results obtainable in a short time, and is reported to have high reproducibility compared with in vivo assay methods. However, this method has been shown to be unsuitable for testing poorly water-soluble substances, which tend to separate out when mixed with the assay buffer solution. This causes difficulties in determining the dose dependency of substances and subsequent determination of the photoirritation factor because the ratio of cell viability, expressed as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) in the presence or absence of light, is not calculable. In this study, we investigated the optimum conditions for the evaluation of poorly water-soluble substances. In the conventional method, the final solvent concentration was 1% and the pre-incubation time was 60 min, but in the modified method, 10% and 5 min were used, respectively. Next, the results from the conventional method were compared with those of our modified method, which was found to be viable and comparable with the conventional method. Moreover, the false positive results frequently obtained with poorly water-soluble substances in the conventional method were not evident with the modified method, thus confirming its usefulness for the evaluation of such substances. We therefore propose that the modified method can be used for the in vitro testing of poorly water-soluble substances in phototoxicity evaluations.

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“…RhE modellerinin, topikal olarak uygulanan kimyasal maddelerin fototoksik tehlikelerinin belirlenmesinde güvenilir bir şekilde kullanılabileceği ileri sürülmektedir. Bu doku modelleri 3T3 NRU testinin alternatifi olarak veya 3T3 NRU testinin hatalı pozitif sonuçlarının sayısını azaltmak amacıyla pozitif sonuçların doğrulanması için bir ara kademe test olarak kullanılabilir (55).…”

Section: In Vitro Insan 3d Epidermis Modeliunclassified

“…3T3 NRU testinde pozitif sonuç veren iki örnek ve in vivo testte negatif sonuç veren bir örnek RhE model üzerinde denenmiş ve doğru sonuçlar elde edilmiştir (55). Örneğin, bergamot yağı topikal olarak uygulanan bir bitkisel bir üründür.…”

Section: In Vitro Insan 3d Epidermis Modeliunclassified

Kozmetik Ürünlerin Fototoksik Etkileri: Mekanizması ve Alternatif Test Metotları

Köse¹,

Erkekoğlu²,

Sabuncuoğlu³

et al. 2017

Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal

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The 3T3 neutral red uptake phototoxicity test: Practical experience and implications for phototoxicity testing – The report of an ECVAM–EFPIA workshop

Cited by 78 publications

References 10 publications

Combination of retinyl palmitate and UV-filters: Phototoxic risk assessment based on photostability and in vitro and in vivo phototoxicity assays

Combination of retinyl palmitate and UV-filters: Phototoxic risk assessment based on photostability and in vitro and in vivo phototoxicity assays

Development of a modified 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test protocol for evaluation of poorly water-soluble substances

Kozmetik Ürünlerin Fototoksik Etkileri: Mekanizması ve Alternatif Test Metotları

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