TFOS DEWS II Introduction

Nelson, J. Daniel; Craig, Jennifer P.; Akpek, Esen K.; Azar, Dimitri T.; Belmonte, Carlos; Bron, Anthony J.; Clayton, Janine Austin; Doğru, Murat; Dua, Harminder S; Foulks, Gary N.; Gomes, José Álvaro Pereira; Hammitt, Katherine M.; Holopainen, Juha M.; Jones, Lyndon; Joo, Choun Ki; Liu, Zuguo; Nichols, Jason J.; Nichols, Kelly K.; Novack, Gary D.; Sangwan, Veena; Stapleton, Fiona; Tomlinson, Alan; Ohta, Michio; Willcox, Mark; Wolffsohn, James S.; Sullivan, David A.

doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2017.05.005

Cited by 190 publications

(129 citation statements)

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“…Decades of knowledge about DED has been collected within the new DEWS II report [15] that confirm the great impact of this multifactorial disease on the ocular surface and on the lifestyle of the people who suffer from it, mostly from aged 40 when the presbyopia arises [12,16]. From these epidemiological data and considering that the most prevalence condition related with ageing is presbyopia [16], there are many patients worldwide in which both presbyopia and DED co-exist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of ageing on the ocular surface parameters

Rico-del-Viejo

Lorente‐Velázquez

Hernández-Verdejo

et al. 2018

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of ageing on the ocular surface parameters

Rico-del-Viejo

Lorente‐Velázquez

Hernández-Verdejo

et al. 2018

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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“…Chronic CU patients, appear to have difficulty avoiding inattention due to the impaired vision. Certain previous studies have indicated that depressed individuals had dysfunction in the middle frontal gyrus (26,27). Visual impairment may directly affect physical function and performance through decreased ability to see where to walk and visualize the location of objects in space (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered spontaneous brain activity patterns in patients with corneal ulcer using amplitude of low‑frequency fluctuation: An fMRI study

Shi

et al. 2019

Exp Ther Med

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the altered spontaneous brain activity in patients with corneal ulcer (CU) through the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) technique and the association with their visual performance. A total of 40 patients with CU and 40 healthy controls (HCs) matched for sex, age and educational level were enrolled. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed to examine the probands. Spontaneous cerebral activity variations were investigated using the ALFF technique. The average ALFF values of the CU patients and the HCs were classified by utilizing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Contrary to HCs, the CU patients had significantly lower ALFF values in the left cerebellar anterior lobe, right middle frontal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus, but higher ALFF values in the right cerebellar inferior lobe, left cerebellar inferior lobe, left inferior temporal gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, right angular gyrus and bilateral superior frontal gyrus. ROC curve analysis of each brain region indicated that the accuracy of ALFF value specificity between the CU and HCs of the area under the curve was perfect. In conclusion, abnormal spontaneous activities were detected in numerous brain regions of CU patients, which may provide useful information for understanding the dysfunction of CU. These activity changes in brain regions may be used as effective clinical indicators for CU.

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“…a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and accompanied by ocular symptoms, in which tear film instability and hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory abnormalities play etiological roles. 5 While this definition is helpful, there is a lack of standardized testing methods and criteria for categorizing dry eye. As such, reported prevalence ranges from 5% to 50% when based on signs and symptoms, and up to 75% based on signs only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, reported prevalence ranges from 5% to 50% when based on signs and symptoms, and up to 75% based on signs only. 5 Traditionally, classification has been based on consideration of the sourceevaporative or aqueous deficient. The DEWS II revised classification indicates that these etiologies are overlapping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Prevalence of Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease 5 to 15 After Refractive Surgery</p>

Gjerdrum¹,

Gundersen²,

Lundmark³

et al. 2020

OPTH

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Purpose: To compare the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) as determined by signs and symptoms in patients with a history of laser vision correction (LVC) or implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation 5-15 years ago with a matched control group with no history of refractive surgery. Patient and Methods: This was a cross-sectional case-control study. The subject population included patients who had LVC or ICL 5 to 15 years ago. The control group was age matched. A test eye was randomly chosen. Subjects were required to have good ocular health. DED was evaluated using categorical cut-off criteria for tear film osmolarity (measured in both eyes), the subjective Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), the dynamic Objective Scatter Index (OSI), non-invasive keratography tear break-up time (NIKBUT), meibography, and the Schirmer 1 test. Results: The study included 257 subjects (94 LVC, 80 ICL, 83 control). The frequency of hyperosmolarity was significantly higher in the LVC group vs the control (73% vs 50%, p = 0.002), In contrast, the frequency of subjective symptoms tended to be lower in the LVC group than in the control group (19% vs 31%; p = 0.06). These differences were not seen between the ICL and control group. Conclusion: The results suggest that LVC may cause tear film instability as indicated by hyperosmolar tears up to 15 years after surgery, with few subjective symptoms of dry eye. This may have implications for IOL calculations for cataract or refractive lens exchange later in life.

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TFOS DEWS II Introduction

Cited by 190 publications

References 1 publication

The effect of ageing on the ocular surface parameters

The effect of ageing on the ocular surface parameters

Altered spontaneous brain activity patterns in patients with corneal ulcer using amplitude of low‑frequency fluctuation: An fMRI study

<p>Prevalence of Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease 5 to 15 After Refractive Surgery</p>

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