Textile-structured human body surface biopotential signal acquisition electrode

Zhang, Hui; Li, Weiru; Tao, Xiaoming; Xu, Peng

doi:10.1109/cisp.2011.6100739

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…ECG electrodes are mainly fabricated using different conductive materials, such as metals [13][14][15][16], intrinsically conductive polymers (ICPs) [8,17], and carbon-based materials [18][19][20][21][22][23]. These conductive materials and yarns can be integrated into fabrics through conventional manufacturing methods (e.g., knitting, weaving, embroidery) [24][25][26], or can be applied onto textiles through various techniques (e.g., stenciling, screen printing, and sputtering) [27]. Many efforts have been undertaken to optimize those novel dry electrodes, addressing issues such as weak signal pick-up, low signal-to-noise ratio, high skin-electrode impedance, motion artifact, as well as biocompatibility, and durability [10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of dry textile electrodes for long-term electrocardiographic monitoring

et al. 2021

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Background Continuous long-term electrocardiography monitoring has been increasingly recognized for early diagnosis and management of different types of cardiovascular diseases. To find an alternative to Ag/AgCl gel electrodes that are improper for this application scenario, many efforts have been undertaken to develop novel flexible dry textile electrodes integrated into the everyday garments. With significant progresses made to address the potential issues (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio, high skin–electrode impedance, motion artifact, and low durability), the lack of standard evaluation procedure hinders the further development of dry electrodes (mainly the design and optimization). Results A standard testing procedure and framework for skin–electrode impedance measurement is demonstrated for the development of novel dry textile electrodes. Different representative electrode materials have been screen-printed on textile substrates. To verify the performance of dry textile electrodes, impedance measurements are conducted on an agar skin model using a universal setup with consistent frequency and pressure. In addition, they are demonstrated for ECG signals acquisition, in comparison to those obtained using conventional gel electrodes. Conclusions Dry textile electrodes demonstrated similar impedance when in raised or flat structures. The tested pressure variations had an insignificant impact on electrode impedance. Looking at the effect of impedance on ECG signals, a noticeable effect on ECG signal performance metrics was not observed. Therefore, it is suggested that impedance alone is possibly not the primary indicator of signal quality. As well, the developed methods can also serve as useful guidelines for future textile dry-electrode design and testing for practical ECG monitoring applications.

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of dry textile electrodes for long-term electrocardiographic monitoring

et al. 2021

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“…Fabrication of Ag/AgClcoated yarns has been minimally researched in the previous literature. 19,23 There are challenges associated with the fabrication of Ag/AgCl e-textiles in regards to maintaining conductivity, which is why it is believed that the most recent e-textile fabrication methods focus on highly conductive silver coatings through dipcoating [24][25][26] and electroless plating. 27,28 Also, these fabrication methods generally do not require specialized or expensive equipment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roll-to-roll electrochemical fabrication of non-polarizable silver/silver chloride-coated nylon yarn for biological signal monitoring

Haddad

Servati

Soltanian

et al. 2018

Textile Research Journal

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The main goal of this work is to develop a fabrication process and system for silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl)-coated yarn, as Ag/AgCl is the preferred non-polarizing material for interfacing with the body in a clinical setting when monitoring biological signals. A roll-to-roll electrochemical system was designed and built to deposit AgCl on Ag-coated nylon 6,6 yarn in a controllable process. In particular, the movement of the yarn, voltage limit and mixing of 0.9% sodium chloride solution were held constant while the applied current was varied. The Ag-coated nylon acted as the working electrode with two counter electrodes made of platinum. The optimal Ag/AgCl yarns were then further characterized. The roll-to-roll parameters identified include the applied current of approximately 1.82 mA/cm2 for the Ag-coated nylon yarn with a voltage limit of 2.00 V while in the electrochemical chamber. In addition, the yarn had a uniform movement of 0.08 cm/s, which meant that 7 cm of yarn was in the chamber for approximately 89.17 s. The fabrication process was relatively repeatable, yielding the average resistance of 11.0 ± 1.8 Ω/cm for the optimal Ag/AgCl-coated yarn with a low standard deviation between different fabrication processes. A proof-of-concept system was developed and parameters important for the fabrication of functional Ag/AgCl electronic textiles (e-textiles) were detailed. An effective roll-to-roll fabrication method for Ag/AgCl-coated yarns has the potential to significantly contribute to the design and development of wearable e-textile biological monitoring systems that require Ag/AgCl sensor materials.

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“…An effective way to impart conductivity to fabrics for biopotential measurements is by adding conductive "elements" inside them. A common strategy is based on combining metallic fibers with regular yarns or fibers by following established textile manufacturing processes like knitting [34], weaving [35] or embroidery [28,36]. Metallic fibers can be realized by creating fine metal wires [20] or through the deposition of metals on regular yarns via methods like physical vapor deposition (PVD) [37] and electrodeposition [22].…”

Section: Metallic Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable and Flexible Textile Electrodes for Biopotential Signal Monitoring: A review

et al. 2019

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Wearable electronics is a rapidly growing field that recently started to introduce successful commercial products into the consumer electronics market. Employment of biopotential signals in wearable systems as either biofeedbacks or control commands are expected to revolutionize many technologies including point of care health monitoring systems, rehabilitation devices, human–computer/machine interfaces (HCI/HMIs), and brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). Since electrodes are regarded as a decisive part of such products, they have been studied for almost a decade now, resulting in the emergence of textile electrodes. This study presents a systematic review of wearable textile electrodes in physiological signal monitoring, with discussions on the manufacturing of conductive textiles, metrics to assess their performance as electrodes, and an investigation of their application in the acquisition of critical biopotential signals for routine monitoring, assessment, and exploitation of cardiac (electrocardiography, ECG), neural (electroencephalography, EEG), muscular (electromyography, EMG), and ocular (electrooculography, EOG) functions.

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Textile-structured human body surface biopotential signal acquisition electrode

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Evaluation of dry textile electrodes for long-term electrocardiographic monitoring

Evaluation of dry textile electrodes for long-term electrocardiographic monitoring

Roll-to-roll electrochemical fabrication of non-polarizable silver/silver chloride-coated nylon yarn for biological signal monitoring

Wearable and Flexible Textile Electrodes for Biopotential Signal Monitoring: A review

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