Testing the relationship between income inequality and life expectancy: a simple correction for the aggregation effect when using aggregated data

Mayrhofer, Thomas; Schmitz, Hendrik

doi:10.1007/s00148-013-0483-7

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Sustainability 2017, 9,633 4 of 17 82,402 square kilometers, which is 2.39 times as large as other three municipalities (Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin). From 1997 to 2015, the permanent population of Chongqing increased from 28.73 million to 30.17 million.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Sustainability 2017, 9,633 5 of 17 and "One Circle and Two Wings". At present, the strategy of "Five Function Areas" is being conducted.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equity is an important factor to promote sustainable development, in particular, which can enhance the flexibility of the economy [4], help to gain the right of judicial justice [2], promote social harmony and stability [5], as well protect environment [6] and biodiversity [7]. In addition, the residents living in equitable regions have better health and longer life expectancy than those in inequalities [8,9]. Since the 2008 financial crisis, the issue of "inequality" once again raises public protests and political thinking [2], which not only involves problems on the level of morality, but also is regarded as a great challenge against sustainable development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Regional Inequality from Sectoral Structure, Spatial Policy and Economic Development: A Case Study of Chongqing, China

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Inequality is a large challenge to sustainable development, and achieving equity has already become one of the top goals in sustainable development of the UN's post-2015 development agenda. Located in the western inland region of China, Chongqing is characterized by "big city, big countryside, big mountain area, big reservoir area" and its regional inequality is more serious. This paper is to explore Chongqing's regional inequality from sectoral structure, spatial policy and economic development by constructing, decomposing, and calculating the inter-county per capita GDP Gini Coefficient. Through this study, it is mainly found that: (1) Chongqing has experienced a dynamic evolution from unbalanced development to balanced development, and its regional inequality has been decreasing steadily in recent years; (2) the Tertiary Sector gradually contributes most to regional inequality; (3) inequality between regions is the main section of regional inequality; (4) the spatial policy as per regional division of Five Function Areas is more rational than the division of the main urban and suburb areas; and (5) economic development is the best way to reduce the regional inequality. Based on the results of empirical study and the reality of Chongqing, targeted and systematic policy suggestions are proposed to reduce regional inequality and promote sustainable development.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Sustainability 2017, 9,633 5 of 17 and "One Circle and Two Wings". At present, the strategy of "Five Function Areas" is being conducted.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of Regional Inequality from Sectoral Structure, Spatial Policy and Economic Development: A Case Study of Chongqing, China

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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“…Indeed, equity is an important factor to promote sustainable development, which can enhance the resilience of the economy [64], promote social harmony and stability [65], as well as protect environment [66] and biodiversity [67]. Furthermore, residents living in more equitable regions have better health and a longer life expectancy [68,69].…”

Section: The Relationship Between Urban Infrastructure and Urban Sustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality, Bi-Polarization and Mobility of Urban Infrastructure Investment in China’s Urban System

Tao

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:In periods of rapid urbanization, investment in urban infrastructure should not only meet the increasing demands of all urban people, but also be equally allocated between cities to achieve social equity and sustainable development. This paper aimed to conduct quantitative research on the unbalance of urban infrastructure investment between cities in China. The measurement models for inequality, bi-polarization and the mobility of urban infrastructure investment were constructed by means of the Gini coefficient, bi-polarization index and mobility function from the urban system, and an empirical study was conducted based on panel data from 2006 to 2014. The results show that: (1) The overall inequality of urban infrastructure investment in China's urban system was relatively prominent and showed a "U-shaped" change generally. (2) The inequality between different administrative levels or regional cities only partially accounted for the overall inequality of China's urban system. (3) Inequality and bi-polarization showed inconsistent performance. (4) Mobility played a positive role in reducing the inequality and bi-polarization. Based on the empirical findings and the reality of China's urban infrastructure investment and financing, targeted policy suggestions were proposed in terms of adjusting inequality and bi-polarization, innovating investment and financing mechanisms, and optimizing urban infrastructure investment strategies.

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“…Although Gini coefficient is used to measure inequality of income in the literature to explain the life expectancy as (Mayrhofer & Schmitz, 2014;De Vogli et al, 2005;Rodgers, 2002) did, in our study as a measure of social inequalities, the coefficient of human inequality in the UNDP's Human Development Report was used. Because, this coefficient measures not only at the level of income like Gini coefficient, but also measures inequalities that arise in other determinants of human development in health and education.…”

Section: Lierature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Human Inequalities and Health Care Quality in Life Expectancy of Countries

Kandemir¹

2016

International Journal of Financial Research

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In Human Development Reports published by The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the development in the health dimension is measured by life expectancy at birth. In the context of this study, factors that affect life expectancy in 130 countries were analyzed with the help of established multiple regression model. The independent variables of the model, except the proportion of health expenditure in GDP, human inequality, gross national income per capita and satisfaction with health care quality are found to be statistically significant. This situation indicates that the quality of health services in the country in terms of life expectancy is more important than the amount of health care expenditures. The most influential variables on life expectancy at birth were found in order as; human inequality, gross national income per capita and satisfaction with health care quality.

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Testing the relationship between income inequality and life expectancy: a simple correction for the aggregation effect when using aggregated data

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Analysis of Regional Inequality from Sectoral Structure, Spatial Policy and Economic Development: A Case Study of Chongqing, China

Analysis of Regional Inequality from Sectoral Structure, Spatial Policy and Economic Development: A Case Study of Chongqing, China

Inequality, Bi-Polarization and Mobility of Urban Infrastructure Investment in China’s Urban System

The Importance of Human Inequalities and Health Care Quality in Life Expectancy of Countries

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