Ternary Organic Solar Cells: Recent Insight on Structure–Processing–Property–Performance Relationships

Abstract

This article presents recent advances in the ternary organic solar cell (TOSC), such as technological interventions from the material design to the device performance, which led to more than 19% power conversion efficiency (PCE). The research and development in TOSCs reported in the past decade have been inspiring and promising in terms of molecular processing to device properties for low-power devices and building integrated photovoltaics applications. Many of these are still in the early phase, enabling researchers to explore more and flourish. The research community has made numerous efforts to address the different aspects to enhance the efficiency and stability of the TOSCs. Therefore, the objective of this article is to review the recent advances in TOSCs and present a comprehensive discussion in this regard. This review also identifies and suggests the possible outlook for the critical issues associated with TOSCs, along with future perspectives.

Indoor organic solar cells for low-power IoT devices: recent progress, challenges, and applications

“…nanomaterials, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs) have improved extremely quickly over the past few decades and are presently close to 20%. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, these efficiencies are still lower than those of crystalline silicon and other inorganic solar cell technologies under standard illumination. [15][16][17][18][19] However, organic semiconductors offer several advantages that make these materials attractive for purposes other than large-scale power generation.…”

Solution-Processed Co3O4-Based Hole Transport Layer for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells

“…Solution-processed organic solar cells (OSCs), with their unique features of low weight, flexibility, semitransparency, and inexpensive manufacturing techniques, enable the development of the most promising energy technology for applications such as portable electronics, wearable devices, and building-integrated photovoltaics. − The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the state-of-the-art OSCs have been boosted to over 19% in recent years due to the development of novel conjugated wide band gap polymer donors and narrow band gap nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) for the active layer. − In contrast to the outstanding achievements on absorbing layer systems, research on transport layers is far behind. Besides, the long-term sustainability of OSCs remains a challenge. ,, The current research scenario is focused on addressing these challenges to improve the performance and stability of OSCs. − With regards to the electron transport layer (ETL) materials, such as conjugated and nonconjugated polymers, − organic small molecules, , and transition metal oxides, , interface engineering for the manipulation of the internal built-in potential using novel molecules and 2D materials − has exhibited efficient performance in OSCs due to their excellent optical and electronic properties.…”

Recent studies on small molecular and polymeric hole‐transporting materials for high‐performance perovskite solar cells

“…With regard to renewable energy resources, solar, wind, and biomass energy are all considered as viable alternatives to fossil fuels [2]. To this end, intense research is now being conducted on solar cell technologies with the aim of reducing the cost and increasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in order to improve large‐scale commercial production of this technology [3–25].…”