Tendon Extracellular Matrix Assembly, Maintenance and Dysregulation Throughout Life

Siadat, Seyed Mohammad; Zamboulis, Danae E.; Thorpe, Chavaunne T.; Ruberti, Jeffrey W.; Connizzo, Brianne K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80614-9_3

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 586 publications

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“…Tendon ECM is primarily composed of type I collagen, though other ECM components (eg, elastin, proteoglycans) may play an important role in tendon function. 102 Rat tenocytes cultured in high glucose show decreased expression of type I collagen expression and increased expression of type III collagen. 82 Burner et al 103 found that high glucose treatment of tenocytes leads to reduced mRNA expression of proteoglycan protein backbones and affects the expression of several proteoglycans, including biglycan, versican, fibromodulin, decorin, and lumican.…”

Section: Effects Of Hyperglycemia and Ages On Tendon Cell Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diabetes on Tendon Structure and Function: Not Limited to Collagen Crosslinking

Vaidya

Lake

Zellers

2022

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with musculoskeletal complications—including tendon dysfunction and injury. Patients with DM show altered foot and ankle mechanics that have been attributed to tendon dysfunction as well as impaired recovery post-tendon injury. Despite the problem of DM-related tendon complications, treatment guidelines specific to this population of individuals are lacking. DM impairs tendon structure, function, and healing capacity in tendons throughout the body, but the Achilles tendon is of particular concern and most studied in the diabetic foot. At macroscopic levels, asymptomatic, diabetic Achilles tendons may show morphological abnormalities such as thickening, collagen disorganization, and/or calcific changes at the tendon enthesis. At smaller length scales, DM affects collagen sliding and discrete plasticity due to glycation of collagen. However, how these alterations translate to mechanical deficits observed at larger length scales is an area of continued investigation. In addition to dysfunction of the extracellular matrix, tendon cells such as tenocytes and tendon stem/progenitor cells show significant abnormalities in proliferation, apoptosis, and remodeling capacity in the presence of hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end-products, thus contributing to the disruption of tendon homeostasis and healing. Improving our understanding of the effects of DM on tendons—from molecular pathways to patients—will progress toward targeted therapies in this group at high risk of foot and ankle morbidity.

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Section: Effects Of Hyperglycemia and Ages On Tendon Cell Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diabetes on Tendon Structure and Function: Not Limited to Collagen Crosslinking

Vaidya

Lake

Zellers

2022

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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“…While the above discussion has focused on repair of articular cartilage, some of the principles discussed can also be applied to the healing of other connective tissues of the MSK system, including menisci, intravertebral discs (IVD), as well as ligaments and tendons. In the case of tendons, tendons in different locations exhibit different properties [ 185 ], tendon properties can change with aging [ 74 , 186 , 187 ] and some tendons, such as the supraspinatus, can undergo age-related degeneration without overt symptoms [ 188 , 189 , 190 ]. Thus, cell therapy treatment could be envisioned to address tendinopathies rather than overt ruptures.…”

Section: The Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating an Optimal In Vivo Environment to Enhance Outcomes Using Cell Therapy to Repair/Regenerate Injured Tissues of the Musculoskeletal System

Hart

Nakamura

2022

Biomedicines

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Following most injuries to a musculoskeletal tissue which function in unique mechanical environments, an inflammatory response occurs to facilitate endogenous repair. This is a process that usually yields functionally inferior scar tissue. In the case of such injuries occurring in adults, the injury environment no longer expresses the anabolic processes that contributed to growth and maturation. An injury can also contribute to the development of a degenerative process, such as osteoarthritis. Over the past several years, researchers have attempted to use cellular therapies to enhance the repair and regeneration of injured tissues, including Platelet-rich Plasma and mesenchymal stem/medicinal signaling cells (MSC) from a variety of tissue sources, either as free MSC or incorporated into tissue engineered constructs, to facilitate regeneration of such damaged tissues. The use of free MSC can sometimes affect pain symptoms associated with conditions such as OA, but regeneration of damaged tissues has been challenging, particularly as some of these tissues have very complex structures. Therefore, implanting MSC or engineered constructs into an inflammatory environment in an adult may compromise the potential of the cells to facilitate regeneration, and neutralizing the inflammatory environment and enhancing the anabolic environment may be required for MSC-based interventions to fulfill their potential. Thus, success may depend on first eliminating negative influences (e.g., inflammation) in an environment, and secondly, implanting optimally cultured MSC or tissue engineered constructs into an anabolic environment to achieve the best outcomes. Furthermore, such interventions should be considered early rather than later on in a disease process, at a time when sufficient endogenous cells remain to serve as a template for repair and regeneration. This review discusses how the interface between inflammation and cell-based regeneration of damaged tissues may be at odds, and outlines approaches to improve outcomes. In addition, other variables that could contribute to the success of cell therapies are discussed. Thus, there may be a need to adopt a Precision Medicine approach to optimize tissue repair and regeneration following injury to these important tissues.

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“…Several other common ECM-derived materials have been shown to induce macrophage M2 polarization in vitro , and the induction process is similar to that of IL-4 [ 94 ]. Acellular biological scaffolds have been widely studied recently and have wide application prospects for tendon and ligament healing [ 95 ]. On the premise that the mechanical properties and ECM structure are well preserved, the acellular biological scaffold also has a better solution to the immunogenicity of transplantation since this scaffold removes the cellular components of tissue [ 96 ].…”

Section: Products Of Tendon and Ligament Reconstruction And Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional biomaterials for tendon/ligament repair and regeneration

Tang

Wang

Xiang

et al. 2022

Regenerative Biomaterials

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With an increase in life expectancy and the popularity of high-intensity exercise, the frequency of tendon and ligament injuries has also increased. Owing to the specificity of its tissue, the rapid restoration of injured tendons and ligaments is challenging for treatment. This review summarises the latest progress in cells, biomaterials, active molecules, and construction technology in treating tendon/ligament injuries. The characteristics of supports made of different materials and the development and application of different manufacturing methods are discussed. The development of natural polymers, synthetic polymers, and composite materials has boosted the use of scaffolds. In addition, the development of electrospinning and hydrogel technology has diversified the production and treatment of materials. First, this paper briefly introduces the structure, function, and biological characteristics of tendons/ligaments. Then, it summarises the advantages and disadvantages of different materials, such as natural polymer scaffolds, synthetic polymer scaffolds, composite scaffolds, and ECM-derived biological scaffolds, in the application of tendon/ligament regeneration. We then discuss the latest applications of electrospun fiber scaffolds and hydrogels in regeneration engineering. Finally, we discuss the current problems and future directions in the development of biomaterials for restoring damaged tendons and ligaments.

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Tendon Extracellular Matrix Assembly, Maintenance and Dysregulation Throughout Life

Cited by 21 publications

References 586 publications

Effect of Diabetes on Tendon Structure and Function: Not Limited to Collagen Crosslinking

Effect of Diabetes on Tendon Structure and Function: Not Limited to Collagen Crosslinking

Creating an Optimal In Vivo Environment to Enhance Outcomes Using Cell Therapy to Repair/Regenerate Injured Tissues of the Musculoskeletal System

Functional biomaterials for tendon/ligament repair and regeneration

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