Temporal changes in magnetic signal of burnt soils – A compelling three years pilot study

Jordanova, Neli; Jordanova, Diana; Mokreva, Antonia; Ishlyamski, Daniel; Georgieva, Borislava

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.173

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…An additional pathway of formation of strongly magnetic particles as a result of wildfire occurrence is the postfire microbially mediated magnetite synthesis, intensified due to the effect of explosive growth of heterotrophic bacteria in response to increased nutrients availability (Mataix‐Solera et al, ). Recently published research on the time evolution of the magnetic susceptibility of burnt soil from an experimental fire also supports this hypothesis (Jordanova et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The oldest wildfire event among the sampled locations occurred in year 2000, and the most recent, in summer 2017 (1 week before sampling). One site of experimental fire (Jordanova et al, ) was also included in the study as a reference for zero‐time‐since fire. All fire‐affected sites recovered naturally after the fire without targeted postfire reforestation measures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origin of the increased production of magnetite (and then maghemite, as a product of the pedogenic oxidation from the magnetite precursor) as a result of fire is still disputable. Besides thermally induced transformations of the mineral soil (Carrancho & Villalaín, ; Kletetschka & Banerjee, ; Le Borgne, ; Oldfield & Crowther, ), other mechanisms have been recently proposed, namely, formation of strongly magnetic Fe oxides in vegetation ash and their deposition on soil surface (Jordanova et al, ) and microbially mediated formation of strongly magnetic iron oxides shortly after a (wild)fire event (Jordanova, Jordanova, Mokreva, Ishlyamski, & Georgieva, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wildfire severity: Environmental effects revealed by soil magnetic properties

Jordanova

Barrón

2019

Land Degrad Dev

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Strong wildfires pose significant damage to all soil qualities and lead to land degradation. The complex nature and properties of fire‐derived materials require multidisciplinary efforts for their reliable characterization. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the suitability of magnetic properties of fire‐affected soils as proxy parameters for wildfire severity and to relate magnetic signature of burnt soils to carbon and nitrogen contents as influenced by wildfires. We present mineral magnetic investigation of 22 sites with wildfire‐affected soils and 17 nonburnt soils from nearby locations. We employed measurements of magnetic susceptibility and anhysteretic remanence in combination with scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations on magnetic particles from burnt soils and ashes. Bulk soil and vegetation ash analyses of total carbon and nitrogen, organic carbon, and elemental content were carried out as well. We show that pyrogenic magnetic enhancement is restricted to the uppermost 0‐ to 2‐cm soil depth and can be used as a proxy for wildfire severity. Strong wildfires lead to the production of nanometer‐sized superparamagnetic magnetite and/or maghemite particles and smaller amount of single‐domain fraction. These strongly magnetic minerals have typical characteristics of high‐temperature combustion products with spherical shape and diameters between 0.1 and 2 μm. Fire‐affected soils show relative enrichment with phosphorous, manganese, and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, and As) calculated with respect to soils from nonburnt nearby localities. Our results demonstrate the potential of environmental magnetic methods as an additional tool for assessment of wildfire severity and the content of main soil nutrients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wildfire severity: Environmental effects revealed by soil magnetic properties

Jordanova

Barrón

2019

Land Degrad Dev

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“…In turn, our SEM observations indicate that Ti and particulate matter content qualitatively depend on plant type through differences in leaf texture and morphology. A study by Kardel et al (2011) also found a species effect on leaf SIRM and the amount of retained particulate matter on urban tree leaves, where hairy or rough-textured leaves tend to accumulate more dust, while smoother, more hydrophobic leaves are more likely to shed dust. Kardel et al (2011) additionally observed a strong seasonal affect, with particulate matter concentrations increasing throughout the growing season.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Magnetic Signatures Of Plant Ashmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…A study by Kardel et al (2011) also found a species effect on leaf SIRM and the amount of retained particulate matter on urban tree leaves, where hairy or rough-textured leaves tend to accumulate more dust, while smoother, more hydrophobic leaves are more likely to shed dust. Kardel et al (2011) additionally observed a strong seasonal affect, with particulate matter concentrations increasing throughout the growing season. Our findings also suggest that seasonality may play a role in the magnetic properties of plant ash, based on the contrasting burning-induced enhancement in green leaves compared to plant litter.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Magnetic Signatures Of Plant Ashmentioning

confidence: 90%

Magnetic Properties of Plant Ashes and Their Influence on Magnetic Signatures of Fire in Soils

2021

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Fires are an integral part of many terrestrial ecosystems and have a strong impact on soil properties. While reports of topsoil magnetic enhancement after fires vary widely, recent evidence suggests that plant ashes provide the most significant source of magnetic enhancement after burning. To investigate the magnetic properties of burnt plant material, samples of individual plant species from Iceland and Germany were cleaned and combusted at various temperatures prior to rock magnetic and geochemical characterization. Mass-normalized saturation magnetization values for burnt plant residues increase with the extent of burning in nearly all samples. However, when normalized to the loss on ignition, fewer than half of ash and charcoal samples display magnetic enhancement relative to intact plant material. Thus, while magnetic mineral concentrations generally increase, changes in the total amount of magnetic material are much more variable. Elemental analyses of Icelandic samples reveal that both total plant Fe and saturation magnetization are strongly correlated with Ti and Al, indicating that most of the Fe-bearing magnetic phases originate from inorganic material such as soil and atmospheric dust. Electron microscopy confirmed that inorganic particulate matter remains on most plant surfaces after cleaning. Plants with more textured leaf surfaces retain more dust, and ash from these samples tend to exhibit higher saturation magnetization and metal concentrations. Magnetic properties of plant ash therefore result from the thermal transformation of Fe in both organic compounds and inorganic particulate matter, which become concentrated on a mass basis when organic matter is combusted. These results indicate that the soil magnetic response to burning will vary among sites and regions as a function of 1) fire intensity, 2) the local composition of dust and soil particles on leaf surfaces, and 3) vegetation type and consequent differences in leaf morphologies.

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Petrophysical and geochemical characterization of sediments filling V‐shaped ditches of Roman camps in Moravia, Czech Republic: Filling processes and the role of pedogenesis

et al. 2020

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The infilling of defense structures (ditches) of the Roman temporary camps in South Moravia (Czech Republic) were studied quantitatively to characterize the ditch‐filling processes, role of pedogenesis, and the effect of geological setting. Samples of soil and sediment were taken from ditch profiles at three sites in South Moravia, Czech Republic (Pasohlávky, Přibice, and Charvátská Nová Ves) and three shallow control cores located in close vicinity to the ditches. Physical and chemical parameters (grain size analysis, magnetic susceptibility, element geochemistry, and sediment color analysis) were measured in combination with lithological descriptions. The primary infilling processes were colluviation and pedogenesis, largely controlled by the nature of the geologic substrate in which the ditches are excavated. The dependence of the magnetic susceptibility to iron ratio on grain size are highlighted as a useful proxy of detecting depositional processes within the ditches. High values of the Fe‐normalized magnetic susceptibility together with the frequency‐dependent magnetic susceptibility indicate a strong magnetic enhancement of the upper parts of the ditch filling, particularly in the top soil. This study demonstrates the potential for specific chemical and physical proxies to characterize the depositional history of Roman ditches when limited to coring.

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Temporal changes in magnetic signal of burnt soils – A compelling three years pilot study

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

Wildfire severity: Environmental effects revealed by soil magnetic properties

Wildfire severity: Environmental effects revealed by soil magnetic properties

Magnetic Properties of Plant Ashes and Their Influence on Magnetic Signatures of Fire in Soils

Petrophysical and geochemical characterization of sediments filling V‐shaped ditches of Roman camps in Moravia, Czech Republic: Filling processes and the role of pedogenesis

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