Temperature stability of reversed phase and normal phase stationary phases under aqueous conditions

Teutenberg, Thorsten; Tuerk, Jochen; Holzhauser, Maren; Giegold, Sascha

doi:10.1002/jssc.200600507

Cited by 52 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The procedure is similar to the test we published recently [22], but was slightly adapted to silica-based stationary phases. In this study, only brand new columns were used.…”

Section: Column Test Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the data generated by different authors are difficult to compare. Recently, we reported about the temperature stability of some metal oxide stationary phases under aqueous conditions at very high temperatures [22]. The aim of the present study is to extend this test procedure and to evaluate the stability of new silica-based RP stationary phases at high eluent temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temperature and pH‐stability of commercial stationary phases

Teutenberg¹,

Hollebekkers²,

Wiese

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

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Original PaperTemperature and pH-stability of commercial stationary phasesIn this paper, the temperature and pH stability of silica-based RP stationary phases were investigated. Furthermore, nonsiliceous phases like a polymeric column based on polystyrene divinylbenzene and a polybutadiene coated zirconium dioxide column were also included. The columns were heated up to 1508C at dynamic conditions, which means that the eluent consisting of water and methanol (90:10, v/v) was continuously purged through the packed bed. After every 5 h, the columns were cooled down to room temperature and the efficiency was measured by injecting a test sample based on the Neue test. It could be shown that some stationary phases exhibited a very good temperature stability at the test conditions specified above.

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“…The procedure is similar to the test we published recently [22], but was slightly adapted to silica-based stationary phases. In this study, only brand new columns were used.…”

Section: Column Test Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and pH‐stability of commercial stationary phases

Teutenberg¹,

Hollebekkers²,

Wiese

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

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“…[22,23] However, its more restricted pH range, especially at elevated temperatures, limits its use. [22][23][24] Excluding polymeric particles, the porous graphitic carbon (PGC) column (Hypercarb®) invented by Knox and Gilbert has been the most successful carbon-based material for HPLC on the market. [24,25] PGC shows extraordinary pH and temperature stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐instrument characterization of poly(divinylbenzene) microspheres for use in liquid chromatography: as received, air oxidized, carbonized, and acid treated

Hung

Singh

Landowski

et al. 2015

Surface & Interface Analysis

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*We report a multi-instrument characterization of the carbon particles in carbon/polymer/nanodiamond core-shell materials used for high-performance liquid chromatography. These particles are prepared by the carbonization/pyrolysis of poly(divinylbenzene) (PDVB) microspheres. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the particles (4.9 μm initially) decreased in size after air oxidation (to 4.4 μm) and again after carbonization (down to 3.5 μm) but remained highly spherical. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements showed low surface areas initially (as received: 1.6 m 2 /g, after air oxidation: 2.6 m 2 /g) but high values after carbonization (445 m 2 /g). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the changes in the functional groups after air oxidation (C = O and C-O stretches appear), carbonization (carbon-oxygen containing moieties disappear), and acid treatment (reintroduction of carbon-oxygen containing moieties). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and elemental analysis revealed the surface and bulk oxygen contents before and after treatments. By XPS, the atom percent oxygen for the as received, air oxidized, carbonized, and acid treated particles are 8.7, 16.6, 3.7, and 13.8, respectively, and by elemental analysis, the percent oxygen in the materials is 0.6, 8.1, 0.9, 16.9, respectively. A principal components analysis of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry data identified ions that were enhanced in the different materials, where almost 90% of the variation in the analyzed peak areas was captured by two principle components. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy suggested that the carbonized PDVB was disordered. Thermogravimetric analysis showed significant differences between the differently treated PDVB microspheres. This work applies directly to a commercial product and the process for preparing it.

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“…With such columns, it is possible to slightly increase the retention of the most polar analytes and also to modify selectivity through additional interaction mechanisms. In terms of mobile phase, temperature up to 60-90°C is more commonly employed than in the past due to the improved resistance of silica-based stationary phases [16][17][18]. Indeed, elevated temperature allows an improvement of kinetic performance (thanks to lower mobile phase viscosity and increased diffusion) [19], a reduction of tailing with basic analytes and biomolecules (by increasing the rate of secondary ionic interactions kinetics) [20], and it also modifies retention and selectivity (due to a change in the system thermodynamic) [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Current Trends in Liquid and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

Fekete¹,

Perrenoud²,

Guillarme

2014

CCHG

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Abstract:The current trend in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) tends toward the achievement of higher separation efficiency and shorter analysis time. Indeed, better performance in LC has become increasingly important in recent years mainly driven by the challenges of either analyzing more complex samples or increasing the numbers of samples per time unit. In the recent development of particle technology, the use of fully porous sub-2 m particles and sub-3 m shell particles have received considerable attention. Beside packed columns, the new generation of silica-based monolithic columns also offers very high separation power. However, to take full advantage of these innovative phases, the chromatographic system has also to be drastically optimized in terms of upper pressure limit and system volume.This revolution in column technology now spreads and covers several modes of liquid chromatography such as reversedphase liquid chromatography (RPLC), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), or even supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The HILIC and SFC, which can be considered as alternative modes of chromatography, could also be useful to extend the applicability of chromatography towards the analysis of very hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds, respectively.The present review gives an insight about the theory behind the success of current column technology and presents a summary of latest applications, using various modes of one-dimensional chromatography (RPLC, HILIC, SFC). This paper also shows that theoretically expected column efficiency could sometimes be compromised in practical work especially in the case of narrow bore columns.

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Temperature stability of reversed phase and normal phase stationary phases under aqueous conditions

Cited by 52 publications

References 37 publications

Temperature and pH‐stability of commercial stationary phases

Temperature and pH‐stability of commercial stationary phases

Multi‐instrument characterization of poly(divinylbenzene) microspheres for use in liquid chromatography: as received, air oxidized, carbonized, and acid treated

Evolution and Current Trends in Liquid and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

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