Temperature Control for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell by Using Fuzzy Rule

Wang, Yaxiong; Qin, Feifei; Ou, Kai; Kim, Young‐Bae

doi:10.1109/tec.2015.2511155

Cited by 70 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Arce et al utilized a model predictive controller to track the temperature set‐point and a steady‐state target optimizer to obtain a prediction of the future temperature profile . Wang et al used a fuzzy control strategy to regulate the cooling fan speed as a means to achieve desired PEMFC temperature .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Temperature Control for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell based on Current Constraint with Consideration of Limited Cooling Capacity

Chen

Gao

2017

Fuel Cells

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Temperature is one of the key factors to ensure reliable and efficient performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Whereas, due to the limited cooling capacity in automotive application, conventional strategies may fail to remove the excessive heat when the cooling actuator saturates. Hence, three temperature control strategies based on current constraint are developed in this study. Firstly, a dynamic thermal model based on energy conservation is presented. Then a duty ratio split control strategy is proposed to calculate the reduced current from the excess of duty ratio of radiator, yet spike behavior occurs. Hence, a current governor control strategy and a constrained model predictive control strategy are derived to trade off the power demand and cooling capacity, where the maximum load current is calculated by current governor in real time and optimized under the physical constraints of duty ratio and current change rate, respectively. The performances of all the strategies are demonstrated. The current governor control strategy is easy to implement with less computational burden. The constrained model predictive control strategy has fast response and can take into account various constraints explicitly. Both of them have satisfying control performances regardless of limited cooling capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Temperature Control for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell based on Current Constraint with Consideration of Limited Cooling Capacity

Chen

Gao

2017

Fuel Cells

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“…The electrochemical model of the fuel cell is determined by the thermodynamic reversible potential E nernst , activation overpotential V act , ohmic voltage losses V ohm , and mass transport losses V m t as follows , , , :

true V_{fc} = E_{nernst} - V_{act} - V_{ohm} - V_{mt} = E_{nernst} - V_{act} - i R_{ohm} - i {(c_{2} \frac{i}{i_{max}})}^{c_{3}}

…”

Section: Open Cathode Pem Fuel Cell System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Gruber et al and Wang and Kim presented a predictive control model for

λ O_{2}

using the PEMFC balance‐of‐plant (BOP) model. Effective thermal management is also a popular topic in fuel cell systems , . Hu et al proposed a fuzzy‐logic‐based control method for fuel cell temperature to ensure system safety and high‐efficiency operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most suppliers of open‐cathode PEMFCs use simple operating schemes. For example, before the open‐cathode fuel cell system reaches an optimal temperature point, the fan actuator almost does not rotate or rotates slowly to allow the system to increase the temperature quickly . This scenario is dangerous if an abrupt large external load is applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Optimization for Open‐cathode Fuel Cell Systems with Overheating Protection and Air Starvation Prevention

Wang

Kim

2017

Fuel Cells

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The open‐cathode design with simultaneously integrated air supply and coolant flow systems can significantly simplify the structure of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Typically, the performance of open‐cathode PEMFC system is highly influenced by temperature and oxygen excess ratio which can be regulated by the air flow fan. The axial air flow fan is the only actuator which is responsible for the oxygen supply to the cathode and cooling air at the same time. In this study, oxygen mass flow rate across cathode channels is regarded as the only control variable of the open‐cathode FC system. Air flow is regulated based on a set of optimal oxygen excess ratios in different stack currents for power optimization and overheating protection. However, the air flow rate is determined through a sensor installed to measure the air flow rate in the cathode channels. The control strategy simultaneously focuses on performance optimization with overheating protection and air starvation prevention, whereas the fuel cell operates its full range. The efficacy of the proposed method and control is verified through experiments with a small open‐cathode fuel cell system with a real‐time platform of NI (National Instruments) devices.

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“…The coupling phenomenon existed in air supply subsystem and cooling subsystem will increase the difficulty to analyze the efficiency characteristic of PEMFC system [17]. In [20], a 3D fuzzy logic control for temperature management is implemented and verified on a real H-100 fuel cell. In [19], a concentrated parameter dynamic model of an open-cathode PEMFC system is proposed to study the system efficiency characteristic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time thermal Management of Open‐Cathode PEMFC system based on maximum efficiency control strategy

Yin

Wang

et al. 2019

Asian Journal of Control

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Improving the efficiency of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system is the main problem should be solved for the commercialization of PEMFC. In this paper, the efficiency characteristic of PEMFC system under load and stack temperature variation is analyzed through theoretical modeling and experimental verification. For high efficiency operation of PEMFC system, the maximum efficiency control strategy (MECS) is proposed for thermal management of PEMFC system. According to the efficiency characteristics of PEMFC system, the optimal efficiency trajectory of system is obtained under maximum efficiency optimization (MEO). As PEMFC system is a nonlinear system with the characteristics of time-variation, and uncertainty, a constrained generalized predictive control (CGPC) is proposed to realize realtime optimal efficiency trajectory tracking. The MECS based on MEO and CGPC is implemented on-line, experimentally validated on the established H-300 open-cathode PEMFC system. The experimental result shows better tracking ability compared with PID control and testifies the validity of MECS for increasing the system efficiency. Therefore, the proposed MECS can provide better system dynamic response and higher system efficiency. KEYWORDS constrained generalized predictive control (CGPC), maximum efficiency control strategy (MECS), maximum efficiency optimization (MEO), Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), thermal management 1 | INTRODUCTIONWith the rapid development of science and technology, energy shortage and environmental pollution have attracted widely attention in the last decade. Hence, the development and utilization of clean and renewable energy become the inevitable trend in the world [1,2]. As the renewable energy such as solar and wind have the characteristic of intermittency and uncertainty, it is generally difficult to match the energy production with the energy demand in application [3,4]. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce hydrogen energy as the transit energy to help matching the energy production and energy demand. As an energy storage medium, hydrogen energy cross the fields of electricity, heat and fuel, which can promote the integration of energy supply and improve ---This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Temperature Control for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell by Using Fuzzy Rule

Cited by 70 publications

References 12 publications

Temperature Control for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell based on Current Constraint with Consideration of Limited Cooling Capacity

Temperature Control for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell based on Current Constraint with Consideration of Limited Cooling Capacity

Performance Optimization for Open‐cathode Fuel Cell Systems with Overheating Protection and Air Starvation Prevention

Real‐time thermal Management of Open‐Cathode PEMFC system based on maximum efficiency control strategy

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