Temperaturas efetivas para a dormência da macieira(Malus domestica Borkh)

Putti, Gilberto Luiz; Petri, José Luiz; Mendez, Marta Elena Gonzalez

doi:10.1590/s0100-29452003000200006

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Putti et al (2003aPutti et al ( , 2003b) also obtained low percentage of budbreak in apple cultivars with medium and high chilling requirement, even with high chilling exposure. The first buds overcome dormancy may influence the intensity of the other dormant buds still dormant, where the early budbreak in terminal buds inhibits the growth of other buds in a typical case of apical dominance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The differential effect of temperatures during dormancy period between the apple cultivar on budbreak indicate that cultivars with lower chilling requirement (Castel Gala) may supply its physiological necessities, may be capable to budburst, even when subjected to higher temperatures when compared to cultivars with higher chilling requirement (Royal Gala). Putti et al (2003b), using single node cutting biological test, also observed that the effectiveness of temperature to overcome dormancy varies among apple cultivars, where cultivars with lower chilling requirement have effective temperatures higher than cultivars with higher chilling requirement. The same response was obtained by Chavarria et al (2009), using the grafted twigs methodology in peach trees, where the temperatures of 15ºC during winter promoted satisfactory percentage of budbreak and flowering in low chill cultivars, such as 'Turmalina' cultivar.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Evaluation of winter temperatures on apple budbreak using grafted twigs

et al. 2013

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-Temperature is the main climate factor related to induction, maintenance and dormancy release in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). The inadequate chilling exposure in apples causes budbreak problems, resulting in decrease in yield potential. Thus, the knowledge of physiological principles and environmental factors determining the dormancy phenomenon, especially winter temperature effects, it is necessary for the efficient selection of cultivars in a productive region. In addition, it is indispensable to adapt the orchard management aiming to decrease the problems caused by lack chilling during winter. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different thermal conditions during the dormancy period on budbreak of apple cultivars. One-year-old twigs of 'Castel Gala' and 'Royal Gala' cultivars, grafted on M7 rootstock, were submitted to temperatures of 5, 10 and 15ºC for different exposure periods (168; 336; 672; 1,008 and 1,344 hours). After treatments execution, the plants were kept in a greenhouse at 25ºC. Budbreak was quantified when accumulated 3,444; 6,888; 10,332; 13,776; 17,220 and 20,664 GDHºC after temperature treatments. The cultivars responded differently to temperature effect during the winter period. The temperature of 15°C during winter shows a greater effectiveness on 'Castel Gala' apple budbreak while in the 'Royal Gala' apples the temperatures of 5 and 10ºC show better performance. 'Castel Gala' cultivar (low chilling requirement) may supply its physiological necessities, may be capable to budburst, even when subjected to higher temperatures in relation to 'Royal Gala' apples (high chilling requirement). Index terms: Malus domestica, dormancy, chilling requirement, grafted twigs, apical dominance. AVALIAÇÃO DE TEMPERATURAS HIBERNAIS NA BROTAÇÃO DE GEMAS DE MACIEIRA UTILIZANDO RAMOS ENXERTADOSRESUMO -A temperatura é o principal fator ambiental relacionado à indução, manutenção e superação da dormência da macieira (Malus domestica Borkh.). O inadequado suprimento em frio para esta espécie determina a ocorrência de problemas relacionados à brotação, repercutindo na diminuição do potencial produtivo. Dessa forma, o conhecimento dos princípios fisiológicos e dos fatores ambientais determinantes no fenômeno da dormência, sobretudo o efeito das temperaturas hibernais, faz-se necessário para a eficiente seleção de cultivares em determinada região produtora, assim como para eficiente elaboração e adequação de práticas culturais para minimização de problemas causados pelo insuficiente acúmulo de frio hibernal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes condições térmicas durante o período de dormência na brotação de gemas de cultivares de macieira. Ramos de um ano das cultivares Castel Gala e Royal Gala, enxertadas no porta-enxertos M7, foram submetidas às temperaturas de 5; 10 e 15ºC, durante diferentes períodos de exposição (168; 336; 672; 1.008 e 1.344 horas). Após a efetivação dos tratamentos, as plantas foram mantidas em casa de vegetação a 25ºC. A brot...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evaluation of winter temperatures on apple budbreak using grafted twigs

et al. 2013

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“…According to Berlato and Sutilli (1976), a flaw in some mathematical models is that they do not discriminate the Tb of each species or genotype (early-, intermediate-, or late-maturing cultivar) as a basis for accurate modeling of plant phenology. Putti et al (2003) and Anzanello (2012) report possible differences in Tb among cultivars within a single fruit species. They found that apple cultivars contrasting in thermal requirement during dormancy show different intervals of effective cold temperatures -higher (3 to 12°C) for genotypes with low winter chilling requirements, and lower (3 to 6°C) for those with high chilling requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Base temperature as a function of genotype: a foundation for modeling phenology of temperate fruit species

Anzanello

Biasi

2016

SCA

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To complete each phase of the growing season, plants must accumulate thermal time at lower base temperature (Tb). Little information exists on Tb variation between either fruit species or cultivars of the same species. We therefore aimed to determine the lower base temperature for contrasting genotypes in precocity of peach, plum, grape, pear, and kiwi. Twigs 25-35 cm long for the following cultivars: peach, Tropic Beauty (TB) and Eragil (ER); plum, Gulf Blaze (GB) and Letícia (LE); grape, Chardonnay (CH) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CS); pear, Smith (SM) and Packham's (PA); and kiwi, Golden King (GK) and Hayward (HA) were collected in orchards in Veranópolis, RS Estate, on 06/13/2014, with 0 h at temperatures ≤ 7.2°C (chilling hours; H C ) in the field. Intact twigs packed in black plastic film were subjected to 1,008 H C at 0°C in incubators to overcome dormancy and then transferred to temperatures of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12°C on single-node cuttings planted in phenolic foam to define effective heat temperature for the genotypes. Over 110 d, budburst of the buds was evaluated in 2-3-d intervals in the green-tip stage. The resulting inverse data of number of days to budburst (1/days to budburst) was inserted into regression curves to estimate Tb for each genotype. Historical phonological series comprised of 10 years for the analyzed cultivars and meteorological data of the cultivation sites were used to determine thermal time (degree-days) for the fruit trees during the growing season, considering different phenological phases. Temperate fruit species exhibited different Tb behaviors: Tb was lower for early cultivars (TB and GB = 2.2°C; CH = 2.1°C; SM = 4.4°C; GK = 4.3°C) and higher for late cultivars (ER = 6.3°C; LE = 6.2°C; CS = 4.3°C; HA and PA = 8.2°C) for all cultures. The Tb f fruit cultivars related directly with genotype chilling requirements: the higher the chilling requirement, the higher the Tb of the cultivar. Cultivars of the same fruit species yielded a sum of degree-days almost equal to finalize the growing season, regardless of the degree of precocity (TB = 1720; ER = 1801; GB = 1680; LE = 1718; CH = 2310; CS = 2369; SM = 2096; PA = 2003 GD; GK = 2775; HA = 2691). Regarding phenological phases, 82% of the assessed cases responded more to thermal time (degree-days) than to chronological time (d) to complete phenological steps. Differences in Tb between genotypes are a relevant factor for improving the accuracy and applicability of phenology models in agriculture. Key words: Growing season. Dormancy. Thermal sum. Degree-days. ResumoPara completar cada subperíodo do ciclo vegetativo, as plantas necessitam de uma soma térmica acumulada a partir da temperatura-base inferior (Tb). Há pouca informação que mostre variação da Tb, considerando espécies e cultivares de uma mesma espécie frutífera. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a temperatura-base inferior para genótipos contrastantes em precocidade de pessegueiro, ameixeira, videira, pereira e quivizeiro. Estacas com 25-35 cm de comprimento das c...

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“…Diversas espécies frutíferas de clima temperado vêm sendo estudadas para conhecimento dos aspectos envolvidos na entrada, manutenção e liberação da endodormência como a macieira (Carvalho & Zanette, 2004b;Putti et al, 2003), a pereira (Oliveira et al, 2008) e o pessegueiro (Oliveira Filho & Carvalho, 2003). O caquizeiro é uma cultura pouco estudada em relação à dormência e os resultados não convergem para um entendimento claro da sua fisiologia, pois enquanto Mowat (1995) concluiu que gemas de caquizeiro podem sair da dormência mesmo sem ocorrência de frio, Faquim et al (2007) evidenciaram que as gemas da caquizeiro necessitam de 504 h de frio para atingir 100% de brotação de gemas terminais e laterais.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Dinâmica Da Dormência De Gemas De Caquizeiro ‘Fuyu’ Em Região De Baixa Ocorrência De Frio

Carvalho

Biasi

Zanette

et al. 2010

RSA

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O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar a dinâmica da dormência de gemas em caquizeiros cv. Fuyu durante o outono e inverno em região de baixa ocorrência de frio. Os ramos foram coletados em 10 datas no período de abril a agosto de 2007 e 2008 em um pomar do município de Fazenda Rio Grande, Paraná. Na última coleta, um grupo adicional de ramos foi coletado e mantido em refrigerador (4 a 7 °C) por 672 h. A intensidade de dormência foi avaliada pelo teste biológico de estacas de nós isolados realizado a temperatura de 25 °C e fotoperíodo de 16 h, por meio dos parâmetros tempo médio para brotação (TMB), taxa final de brotação (TF), tempo médio para aparecimento de folhas abertas (TMFA), taxa de brotações vigorosas (TBV) e velocidade de brotação (VB). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o completamente casualizado com 11 tratamentos, quatro repetições e dez estacas por parcela. Os dois anos de avaliação foram analisados individualmente. A endodormência mais intensa do caquizeiro ‘Fuyu’ ocorre no período compreendido entre a metade de maio e o início de junho em região de baixa ocorrência de frio.

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Temperaturas efetivas para a dormência da macieira(Malus domestica Borkh)

Cited by 21 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of winter temperatures on apple budbreak using grafted twigs

Evaluation of winter temperatures on apple budbreak using grafted twigs

Base temperature as a function of genotype: a foundation for modeling phenology of temperate fruit species

Dinâmica Da Dormência De Gemas De Caquizeiro ‘Fuyu’ Em Região De Baixa Ocorrência De Frio

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