Techno-economical analysis and comparison of legacy and ultra-dense small cell networks

Yunas, Syed Fahad; Niemelä, Jarno; Valkama, Mikko; Isotalo, Tero

doi:10.1109/lcnw.2014.6927733

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Frias [23] summarises sources of costs for macro cellular base stations, transport and backhaul and Nikolikj [24] provides cost estimates for 700MHz, 2.6GHz and WLAN in the 5GHz band. Yunis [25] provides 4G and femtocell costing estimates that broadly equate with those of Markendahl, updated for LTE and adding energy consumption figures. EU projects NORMA [21] and METIS [26] provide costings for 5G rollout as does Smail [27].…”

Section: Cost Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity and costs for 5G networks in dense urban areas

2018

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A techno--economic analysis of the 5G eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand) scenario in dense urban areas has been accomplished by radio capacity modelling of probable 5G technologies within a 1km 2 grid representing central London.Different density networks were modelled at: 700MHz (macro network), 3.5GHz (micro network) and 24--27.5 GHz(hot spots) -together with 802.11ac access points. Using published data on network costs various deployment options have been evaluated for capacity, headline rate and CAPEX/OPEX. It has been shown that reaching headline rates of 64--100Mbps everywhere is possible with a number of different technology options. Massive increases in capacity (in excess of 100Gbps/km 2 ), however, can only be realistically achieved with millimetre wave (outdoor) and WLAN (internally). The cost of deploying such capacity, however, will be several times that of LTE -we estimate a 4 to 5 times increase in costs for a 100Mbps everywhere network that has x100 capacity increase over existing LTE networks. The cost of rolling out 5G is becoming an important issue and this work provides one of the few published estimates of the economics of ultra--high capacity networks.

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Section: Cost Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity and costs for 5G networks in dense urban areas

2018

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“…Especially considering that penetration losses tend to increase with modern building, due to the use of energy efficient 2 or even 3 layer windows, it is getting increasingly hard to cover the indoor location from outside. Densification of the indoor small cell layer was found to be considerably more energy and cost efficient than the densification of outdoor macro and micro layers in a suburban scenario [1] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of Indoor Radio Deployment Options in High-Rise Building

Nguyen¹,

Wigard

Kovács

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE 85th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)

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In this paper we set out to analyze the indoor capacity under a realistic high-rise building scenario. The study takes into consideration the number of indoor cells deployed per floor, different inter-site distances (ISDs), transmit power settings and outdoor macro interference levels. The outcome shows large variation in performance gain just by optimizing indoor cell locations, highlighting the need for thorough indoor radio planning. Investing into more indoor cells helps to increase capacity, and also to cope better with outdoor interference, but the gain tends to be diminishing due to the increase of inter-cell interference (ICI). Increasing transmit power brings largest gain when the density of indoor cell is low, and the noise and/or outdoor interference is the dominant source of performance degradation. When analyzing performance gain of an ideal receiver-side Interference Cancellation (IC) algorithm, the study also shows that, if the Dominant Interferer Removal (DIR) rate is below 50%, doubling the number of indoor cells would bring better capacity gain than investing into such an IC receiver.

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“…Utilizing simultaneous connections in addition to deploying small cells help in increasing the coverage of the network. In order to compute the consumption of power at a site, a power consumption model is presented at [24] and [25] and is given as:…”

Section: Proposed Performance Metricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Coordinated Multipoint Transmission Modes for Indoor and Outdoor Users at 28 GHz in Urban Macrocellular Environment

Sheikh¹,

Biswas²,

Lempiainen³

et al. 2019

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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The aim of this article is to analyze and evaluate the performance of Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) transmission approach at a frequency of 28 GHz using three dimensional ray tracing simulations in an urban macrocellular environment. The new performance metric introduced in this article is the relative power usage. Other performance metrics examined in this article are received power, the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), user throughput, relative throughput gain, and the percentage of overlapping area with multiple cells. Indoor and outdoor users are separately analyzed for few key performance indicators. Different cases of coordinated multipoint transmission i.e. intra-node and inter-node coordination is analyzed. The post analysis of the acquired simulation data shows that the use of CoMP functionality is more beneficial for the cell edge users compared with the other users in terms of improving the user's experience. The throughput gain as well as the transmission overhead of the CoMP approach increases with the increase in number CoMP ports. Inter-node CoMP is much more power efficient and beneficial in comparison with the intra-node CoMP case.

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Techno-economical analysis and comparison of legacy and ultra-dense small cell networks

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Capacity and costs for 5G networks in dense urban areas

Capacity and costs for 5G networks in dense urban areas

Evaluation of Indoor Radio Deployment Options in High-Rise Building

Assessment of Coordinated Multipoint Transmission Modes for Indoor and Outdoor Users at 28 GHz in Urban Macrocellular Environment

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