Technical note: A rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay blood test for pregnancy in dairy and beef cattle

Green, J.C.; Volkmann, D.H.; Poock, S.E.; McGrath, Michael; Ehrhardt, Michael; Moseley, Anne E.; Lucy, M.C.

doi:10.3168/jds.2009-2120

Cited by 42 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The sensitivity and specificity of the PAG-ELISA test have been reported as 93.9%-100% and 66.7%-95.5%, respectively (10,12,21). In the present study, we found the sensitivity and specificity of the PAG-ELISA test to be 95.9% and 94.7% in heifers and lactating cows, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Early pregnancy diagnosis using a commercial ELISA test based on pregnancy-associated glycoproteins in Holstein-Friesian heifers and lactating cows

Kaya¹,

Köse²,

Bozkaya³

et al. 2016

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Early pregnancy diagnosis using a commercial ELISA test based on pregnancy-associated glycoproteins in Holstein-Friesian heifers and lactating cows

Kaya¹,

Köse²,

Bozkaya³

et al. 2016

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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“…12 In contrast, the reagents for both BPT and MPT used in our study were designed to specifically react with PAGs that are expressed early in pregnancy, allowing detection as soon as 25 days post-AI. 13 This subset of PAGs is also cleared more rapidly than PAG-1 from the blood, which allows sampling of cows as early as 60 days postpartum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins in milk and blood as a test for early pregnancy in dairy cows

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The objective of our study was to evaluate 2 pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for use with either blood or milk. From 12 dairy farms, 116 Montbéliarde or Holstein cows were selected that had either undergone artificial insemination (AI; n = 102) or had calved (n = 14) 2-3 months earlier and had not undergone any further AI. Serum, plasma, and milk were obtained from all cows; serum and plasma were analyzed using the blood pregnancy test and milk using the milk pregnancy test. No false-positive results were observed when samples of the 14 noninseminated cows were tested. Cows undergoing AI were sampled at ~16, 30, and 41 days post-AI. An additional milk sample was taken at ~53 days post-AI. To establish whether the inseminated cows were pregnant, the cows were subjected to transrectal ultrasonography (TU) on or around day 41. Of the 102 inseminated cows, 63 were confirmed pregnant by TU. By day 30, the serum, plasma, and milk ELISAs demonstrated 100%, 100%, and 98.1% sensitivity and 88.6%, 88.9%, and 90.3% specificity, respectively, with potential pregnancy losses 30-41 days post-AI. Accuracy obtained on serum, plasma, and milk at ~41 days post-AI and on milk at ~53 days post-AI ranged from 97.4% to 100%. There were no differences of practical significance in performance between the blood and milk ELISAs for the sampling dates chosen. This new diagnostic capability with milk samples offers a major improvement in bovine reproductive management.

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“…Cows were diagnosed as pregnant by using transrectal ultrasonography and by using a rapid ELISA for PAGs (Green et al 2009). Pregnant cows were slaughtered at 1 of 3 days of pregnancy (28 days (lactating, nZ6; nonlactating, nZ6; 105 G28 days postpartum), 35 days (lactating, nZ8; nonlactating, nZ6; 108G29 days postpartum), or 42 days (lactating, nZ8; nonlactating, nZ6; 114G13 days postpartum)).…”

Section: Animals and Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy development from day 28 to 42 of gestation in postpartum Holstein cows that were either milked (lactating) or not milked (not lactating) after calving

Green¹,

Meyer²,

Williams³

et al. 2012

Reproduction

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The objective was to determine if lactation affects fetal and placental development from day 28 to 42 of gestation. Bos taurus Holstein cows were assigned to one of the two treatments immediately after parturition (lactating (nZ23) or nonlactating (dried off immediately after calving; nZ20)). Cows were inseminated at w60 days postpartum with semen from a single ejaculate. Pregnant cows were slaughtered at 1 of 3 days of gestation (day 28, 35, or 42) and tissues were collected. The interval to first insemination, services per conception, and days to pregnancy were similar for lactating and nonlactating cows. Lactating cows had greater plasma GH and nonesterified fatty acids. Nonlactating cows had greater plasma glucose, insulin, and IGF1. There was no effect of lactation on plasma progesterone or estradiol concentrations. Lactation had a negative effect on the weight of the fetus and placenta (weights were less in lactating cows). Fetuses collected from cows that became pregnant after first insemination were heavier than fetuses collected from cows that became pregnant after second or third insemination. Pregnancy after first insemination was associated with greater blood glucose and IGF1 during the first 30 days postpartum. The conclusions were that lactation negatively affects the growth of fetal and placental tissues perhaps through a mechanism that involves hormones and metabolites that are affected by lactation. Fetal growth within cows conceiving at first insemination compared to second or third insemination was more rapid and was associated with greater blood glucose and IGF1 early postpartum (before day 30).

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Technical note: A rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay blood test for pregnancy in dairy and beef cattle

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

Early pregnancy diagnosis using a commercial ELISA test based on pregnancy-associated glycoproteins in Holstein-Friesian heifers and lactating cows

Early pregnancy diagnosis using a commercial ELISA test based on pregnancy-associated glycoproteins in Holstein-Friesian heifers and lactating cows

Detection of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins in milk and blood as a test for early pregnancy in dairy cows

Pregnancy development from day 28 to 42 of gestation in postpartum Holstein cows that were either milked (lactating) or not milked (not lactating) after calving

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