Taxonomy of the pygmy marmoset (Cebuella Gray, 1866): Geographic variation, species delimitation, and nomenclatural notes

Garbino, Guilherme Siniciato Terra; Casali, Daniel M.; Nascimento, Fábio Oliveira do; Serrano-Villavicencio, José Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2018.09.003

Cited by 8 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Closer examination of pelage variation across the geographic range of Cebuella led some taxonomists (e.g., van Roosmalen & van Roosmalen, 1997) to support the recognition of two subspecies, C. pygmaea niveiventris and C. p. pygmaea , a taxonomic division originally proposed by Lönnberg (1940) (Figure 1). The validity of these subspecies, however, cannot be well established based solely on their phenotypes, as differences in their pelage may exist within and between different localities (reviewed in Rylands et al, 2009; Garbino et al, 2019). As a result, Boubli et al (2018) examined molecular diversity across populations of pygmy marmosets in Brazil to better understand their variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on their molecular analyses and a reassessment of pelage variation across populations, Boubli et al (2018) concluded that there are two distinct molecular groups and three distinct morphological types of pygmy marmosets in Brazil. In a subsequent study, Garbino et al (2019) reanalyzed the phylogenetic tree produced by Boubli et al (2018) to conduct a species delimitation test and examined pelage patterns across a wider geographic area: they concluded there were two distinct species based on molecular diversity and pelage patterns. Garbino et al (2019) propose C. pygmaea is distributed north of middle/lower Solimões river and Napo river and C. niveiventris is located to the south of these rivers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a subsequent study, Garbino et al (2019) reanalyzed the phylogenetic tree produced by Boubli et al (2018) to conduct a species delimitation test and examined pelage patterns across a wider geographic area: they concluded there were two distinct species based on molecular diversity and pelage patterns. Garbino et al (2019) propose C. pygmaea is distributed north of middle/lower Solimões river and Napo river and C. niveiventris is located to the south of these rivers. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020 (de la Torre et al, 2020) has recognized these as the western marmoset ( C. pygmaea ) and the eastern marmoset ( C. niveiventris ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taxonomic diversity of Cebuella in the western Amazon: Molecular, morphological and pelage diversity of museum and free‐ranging specimens

Porter

Torre

Pérez-Peña

et al. 2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives We investigated the diversity of the pygmy marmoset, Cebuella pygmaea, by comparing genetic, morphological and pelage traits of animals from Peru and Ecuador. Materials and Methods We extracted DNA from museum specimen osteocrusts and from fecal samples collected from free‐ranging individuals. We sequenced the mtDNA cytochrome b gene and the control region from samples collected at 13 different sites and used Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood to identify distinct clades. We took measurements of the crania of a subset of these specimens (n = 26) and ran a logistic regression to determine if any of the cranial measurements (n = 22) could predict a specimen's clade. In addition, we examined the pelage patterns of the museum specimens and photographs taken of free‐ranging individuals and divided them into pelage types based on coloration of the underbelly. Results We identified two divergent clades, and two distinct groups with clear geographic boundaries within one of those clades. Two measurements of the zygomatic bone perfectly predicted a given individual's mtDNA clade. We found four distinct pelage patterns in our samples, but these patterns are variable within clades and among individuals within the same population. Conclusion These analyses indicate that the two recognized subspecies of pygmy marmoset should be elevated to the species level (C. pygmaea and C. niveiventris) based on molecular and cranial differences but not on pelage patterns. We provide evidence on the geographic limits of the two clades and identify regions where additional sampling is required to better define the geographic distribution of the two clades.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taxonomic diversity of Cebuella in the western Amazon: Molecular, morphological and pelage diversity of museum and free‐ranging specimens

Porter

Torre

Pérez-Peña

et al. 2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Still, progress in alpha-taxonomy has already been made after the compilation of Percequillo & Gregorin (2017) (e.g. Percequillo et al 2017, Boubli et al 2018, Garbino et al 2019, Feijó et al 2018, Pavan 2019, Feijó et al 2019. These three factors drew attention to the need for a reassessment of the mammalian diversity occurring in Brazilian territory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated and annotated checklist of recent mammals from Brazil

Quintela

Rosa

Feijó

2020

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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An updated and annotated checklist of mammals occurring in Brazil is presented. A total of 751 native species, distributed in 249 genera, families and 11 orders were recorded to the country. The Brazilian mammalian fauna shows an elevated rate of endemism (30%; 223 species). Among the species evaluated by IUCN (668 species; 90%), a total of 80 (10.6% of total mammalian fauna) are Threatened, 28 (3.9%) are considered as Near Threatened, two species (0.3%) are presumable Extinct, 96 (12.8%) are considered with Defi cient Data for conservation and 462 (61.6%) are considered as Least Concern. Fifteen new species were described since the last national compilation (published in 2017), which associated to new records to the country and synonimizations resulted in an increment of 30 species. Eight non-native species were introduced to the country, including the recently established Asiatic cervids Rusa unicolor (sambar) and Axis axis (chital). Seven native species (fi ve primates and two hystricomorph rodents) have been translocated from their areas of natural occurrence to other areas inside the country.

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“…Mammals have often been used to study such methods because the number of nucleotide sequences available in public databases for mammals is large (Tobe et al 2010, Esselstyn et al 2012, da Cruz & Weksler 2018, Luo et al 2018, Mello et al 2018, Garbino et al 2019. Moreover, the number of mammalian species in which more than one individual was sequenced, so that within-species diversity may be assessed, is also high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing statistical learning to derive species‐level genetic diversity for mammalian species

Schrago

Mello

2020

Mammal Review

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1. The patterns of genetic diversity in several genomic regions have been used in mammalian systematics for decades. For instance, when studying closely related species, it is generally assumed that the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cytb) exhibits significant information that can be used for differentiation between intraspecies and interspecies variation in mammals. Because of sampling limitations, early analyses of this proposition were conducted mainly on rodents and bats. 2. Currently, more than 57000 cytb sequences are available covering all major lineages of mammals, and sequencing of several individuals per species is common practice in molecular systematics. We were thus prompted to carry out a large-scale analysis of the utility of cytb genetic variation as a predictor of whether a pair of sequences came from within-species or between-species comparisons. 3. Using predetermined species-level assignments, we employed standard methods from statistical learning to calculate the cutoff values able to classify genetic distances in either intraspecies or interspecies categories; we then measured the performance of such statistical classifiers to predict the species-level taxonomic rank as defined by experts. 4. Depending on the classifier, our results showed that when adopting cytb distance cutoff values of 7.3% and 5.5% for small mammals (Metatheria, Rodentia, Chiroptera, and Eulipotyphla) and 4.3% and 3% for medium-sized to large mammals (Primates, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla), the frequency of incorrect assignment of within-species divergences to the between-species category (type I error) varied from 7 to 11%. 5. In order to avoid over-splitting by future researchers, we calculated cutoff values using a more conservative evaluation and provided a list of mammalian species that are likely to consist of complexes of cryptic species. We show that our supervised method can provide practical guidelines to improve the performance of unsupervised algorithms for species delimitation. Finally, we discuss limitations of large-scale approaches (e.g. effects of misclassification in databases and the need for case-by-case evaluation of cryptic species complexes) and their consequences for conservation policies. SUPPORTING INFORMATION Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's web-site. Appendix S1. Empirically estimated density distributions for within-and between-species genetic distances.

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Taxonomy of the pygmy marmoset (Cebuella Gray, 1866): Geographic variation, species delimitation, and nomenclatural notes

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Taxonomic diversity of Cebuella in the western Amazon: Molecular, morphological and pelage diversity of museum and free‐ranging specimens

Taxonomic diversity of Cebuella in the western Amazon: Molecular, morphological and pelage diversity of museum and free‐ranging specimens

Updated and annotated checklist of recent mammals from Brazil

Employing statistical learning to derive species‐level genetic diversity for mammalian species

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