Taxines: a review of the mechanism and toxicity of yew (Taxus spp.) alkaloids

Wilson, Christina R.; Sauer, John‐Michael; Hooser, Stephen B.

doi:10.1016/s0041-0101(00)00146-x

Cited by 179 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The majority of papers on T. baccata have emphasized its toxic properties. In general, it has been claimed that all parts of the Taxus tree are poisonous except the arils enveloping the seeds (Wilson et al 2001;Falencka-Jabłońska 2004;Berny et al 2010;Kite et al 2013). The poisonous properties of Taxus were already known in antiquity.…”

Section: Large Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The poisonous properties of Taxus were already known in antiquity. "Celts committed ritual suicide by drinking extracts from yew foliage and used the sap to poison the tips of their arrows during the Gallic Wars" (Wilson et al 2001). According to Julius Caesar, the king of the Eburones tribe which was conquered by the Romans also poisoned himself with yew "juice" (Wilson et al 2001).…”

Section: Large Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"Celts committed ritual suicide by drinking extracts from yew foliage and used the sap to poison the tips of their arrows during the Gallic Wars" (Wilson et al 2001). According to Julius Caesar, the king of the Eburones tribe which was conquered by the Romans also poisoned himself with yew "juice" (Wilson et al 2001). Clearly, not only the leaves had a bad reputation then, as "wine was served in a jar made of yew wood to get rid of an inconvenient person" (Falencka-Jabłońska 2004).…”

Section: Large Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trees and shrubs used in medieval Poland for making everyday objects

Cywa

2017

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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This article presents the results of the wood identification of 3,867 everyday objects dated from the 9th to the 15th century ad, which were excavated from 48 medieval strongholds and early urban centres in Poland. The analyses have shown that medieval craftsmen used the wood of 27 tree and shrub taxa. The timber used the most was Pinus sylvestris (pine), Quercus sp. (oak), Fraxinus excelsior (ash) and Alnus sp. (alder). Pine was used mainly to make vessels out of staves (curved pieces of wood) such as buckets and tubs, and for torches for lighting; oak was used for furniture, barrels, cart axles, spades and club hammers used by carpenters. Ash wood was the main material used for making turned bowls, and alder for making articles which were to be in long-lasting contact with water, such as beaters and scoops. Wood studies agree with historical records about the intensive use of yew wood, which finally caused the decrease of Taxus baccata in woodlands in the 14th and 15th centuries. Also, the wood of shrubs such as Euonymus sp. (spindle) and Sambucus sp. (elder) was quite often used. The choice of wood for the specific needs of a particular craft in medieval Poland was done selectively and it was determined by the particular function of the object being made, but at the same time it was limited by availability from the local woodlands. Regional differentiation in the selection of raw material is best indicated in the case of Abies alba (fir). Chronological analysis of the use of wood shows that the number of items made of timber from deciduous trees in all regions of Poland decreased in the late Middle Ages when compared to the Piast period of the early Middle Ages.

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Section: Large Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Large Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Large Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trees and shrubs used in medieval Poland for making everyday objects

Cywa

2017

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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“…Schivera, (2011) is of the opinion that, small quantities can kill the animal. Consumption of 0.5% of the weight of ruminants is sufficient to show signs of poisoning (Wilson et al, 2001). On the other hand, Cortinovis et al, (2015) suggests that ingestion of 0.5% of body weight for ruminants is fatal.…”

Section: Poisoning With Plants Containing Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants that can be Poisonous for Cows. A Review

Mahdy¹,

Popescu²,

Borda³

2017

BUASVMCN-ASB

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“…Levels of taxines peak during the winter. 8,9 Herbalists believe that various chemicals in a plant act together to increase effectiveness -so-called synergy. Some components, herbalists contend, work together to reduce the risk of sideeffects; an effect known as buffering.…”

Section: Finding the Culpritmentioning

confidence: 99%