Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of &lt;i&gt;Leishmania major&lt;/i&gt; Promastigotes in Vitro

Delavari, Mahdi; Doroodgar, Masoud; Abbasi, Abdus Sattar; Taherian, Aliakbar; Doroodgar, Abbas

doi:10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.9

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Similar to previous studies (26,27). Our results confirmed that the ethinyl estradiol has Previously, it has been shown tamoxifen as anticancer drug has antileishmanial activity (29). Miguel et al assessed the antileishmanial activity of an anti-estrogen drug, tamoxifen, suggesting that it can kill L. infantum promastigotes and macrophage-dwelling amastigotes (30).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of Ethinyl Estradiol Activity Against Promastigotes, Axenic and Macrophage-Dwelling Amastigotes of Leishmania infantum by Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium Methods

Shadnoush

Arjmand

Rahim

et al. 2019

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: In the era of drug resistant organisms, there exists a huge need to overcome this issue. Drug repositioning is the action of repurposing current drugs against alternative targets. Objectives: Herein, we assessed the antileishmanial activity of ethinyl estradiol and tolmetin on the promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania infantum, using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. Methods: Following previous in silico evaluation of 3358 FDA-approved compounds, ethinyl estradiol and tolmetin drugs were selected. Promastigote assay was done in RPMI 1640 culture in 96-well plates (10 5 /100 µL). Also, axenic amastigotes cultured in acidic RPMI 1640 were seeded in 96-well plates (5 × 10 4 parasites). Raw 264.7 macrophages were seeded at a density of 3 × 10 6 cells/well. Then, the macrophages were infected with metacyclic promastigotes of L. infantum. Also, drug solvent and amphotericin B were considered as control wells. Drug challenge was performed in triplicate with different concentrations of ethinyl estradiol (250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.62 and 7.81 µg/mL) and tolmetin (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 µg/mL) and cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. AFM imaging was done to observe morphological changes. Results: The main finding of our investigation was the substantial effect of ethinyl estradiol on promastigotes, and amastigotes of L. infantum during 24, 48 and 72 h, according to MTT results and cellular morphology observations. Thus, the IC50 of this drug on promastigote, axenic amastigotes and macrophage-dwelling amastigotes during 72 h was 23, 45 and 32 µg/mL, respectively. However, tolmetin was not effective against L. infantum parasites. Cellular alteration, was observed by AFM technique. Conclusions: This study showed that ethinyl estradiol had good anti-leishmanial activity and it is recommended to test this drug under in vivo condition. With the aid of drug repurposing we could substitute the old drugs with novel compounds for a specific disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of Ethinyl Estradiol Activity Against Promastigotes, Axenic and Macrophage-Dwelling Amastigotes of Leishmania infantum by Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium Methods

Shadnoush

Arjmand

Rahim

et al. 2019

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…The potential role for sex-related factors in the pathogenesis of leishmaniasis could open perspectives for new therapeutic approaches. Tamoxifen, an antagonist of the estrogen receptor, has already been suggested as a new oral drug candidate for the treatment of L. major and L. amazonensis [38][39][40]. Moreover, as it is highly likely that the mechanisms through which sex-related differences influence the immune system are similar in several infectious diseases, this might have implications for drug development in other infectious diseases as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male predominance in reported Visceral Leishmaniasis cases: Nature or nurture? A comparison of population-based with health facility-reported data

Cloots

Burza²,

Malaviya

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundBangladesh, India, and Nepal aim for the elimination of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), a systemic parasitic infectious disease, as a public health problem by 2020. For decades, male patients have comprised the majority of reported VL cases in this region. By comparing this reported VL sex ratio to the one observed in population-based studies conducted in the Indian subcontinent, we tested the working hypothesis that mainly socio-cultural gender differences in healthcare-seeking behavior explain this gender imbalance.

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“…Antimony compounds have some limitations, such as toxicity, resistance, and long duration of treatment. To cover these disadvantages, investigators are trying to evaluate different compounds [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis during 2009-2016 in Kashan City, Central Iran

2018

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) can be seen in 2 forms, zoonotic and anthroponotic, in Iran. In this study, epidemiological aspects of CL were studied during an 8-year period (2009–2016) in city of Kashan, central Iran. The demographic and epidemiological data, including age, sex, occupation, number and site of the lesions, treatment regimen, past history of CL, and season of all patients were gathered from the health centers. Descriptive statistics were used to describe features of the study data. Total 2,676 people with CL were identified. The highest annual incidence was estimated to be 182 per 100,000 population in 2009 and the least was in 2016 (47 per 100,000 population). The highest frequency affected age groups were observed in 20–29 year-old patients (20.9%). More than 51% of the patients were under 30 years old. The maximum frequency of the disease, 1,134 (43.3%), was seen in autumn. The most common location of lesions was hands (61.4%). Most of the patients (81.6%) were treated by systemic glucantime regimen. In the city of Kashan, the incidence rate of the CL disease is significantly higher than many other regions of Iran. To reduce the risk of disease, control of reservoir hosts and vectors of disease, and education of individual protection are strongly recommended.

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Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of <i>Leishmania major</i> Promastigotes in Vitro

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Study of Ethinyl Estradiol Activity Against Promastigotes, Axenic and Macrophage-Dwelling Amastigotes of Leishmania infantum by Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium Methods

Study of Ethinyl Estradiol Activity Against Promastigotes, Axenic and Macrophage-Dwelling Amastigotes of Leishmania infantum by Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium Methods

Male predominance in reported Visceral Leishmaniasis cases: Nature or nurture? A comparison of population-based with health facility-reported data

Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis during 2009-2016 in Kashan City, Central Iran

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