Tajikistan: Nationalism, Ethnicity, Conflict, and Socio-economic Disparities--Sources and Solutions

Foroughi, Payam

doi:10.1080/13602000220124827

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The extent of the crisis is difficult to overstate. Tajikistan had been dependent on subsidies from Moscow during the Soviet era-making up 47% of total government revenues, the highest proportion in the USSR; it also had the highest inter-republic trade deficit (Foroughi 2002). The withdrawal of subsidies and the disruption of trading relationships, together with the transition to a free-market economy, led to dramatic economic declines (Falkingham 2005).…”

Section: Fertility During Food Crises and Civil Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many more were displaced by the conflict: 500,000-600,000 people were internally displaced, mainly people in and around KurganTyube fleeing to the capital Dushanbe (and some to Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast); an estimated 70,000-100,000 fled to Afghanistan (Foroughi 2002;Lynch 2002), the majority of whom had returned to their permanent place of residence by the end of 1993. The most severe fighting took place in the last 6 months of 1992 in Kurgan-Tyube and Kulyab (both in what is now the region of Khatlon) (Brown 1998), though the capital Dushanbe and the Region of Republican Subordination (RRS) were also affected.…”

Section: Civil Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Through Civil War, Food Crisis and Drought: Trends in Fertility and Nuptiality in Post-Soviet Tajikistan

2010

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This article has two objectives. First, it aims to complement and extend existing research on post-socialist demographic change, which has thus far tended to focus on Central and Eastern Europe. It does this by describing the nature of postSoviet trends in nuptiality and fertility in Tajikistan, the republic with the highest rate of population growth during the Soviet period. It finds evidence for a decrease in period fertility after independence: initially, through a decline at higher orders; then, through a significant decrease in the rate of first births, associated with a dramatic decrease in the rate of first union formation since the mid-1990s. Second, it aims to contribute to the demography of conflict and of food crisis. Most clearly, it finds strong evidence for a decrease in nuptiality and fertility associated with the 1995 food crisis.Keywords Post-Soviet Á Central Asia Á Tajikistan Á Fertility Á Union formation Á Civil war Á Food crisis Résumé Cet article a deux objectifs. Premièrement, il contribue à enrichir et élargir les recherches relatives aux changements démographiques observés au cours de la période post-socialiste, focalisées jusqu'à présent sur l'Europe Centrale et Orientale, en décrivant les caractéristiques des évolutions post-soviétiques de la nuptialité et de la fécondité au Tadjikistan, République ayant eu le taux de croissance de la population le plus élevé au cours de la période soviétique. Après l'indépendance, le déclin de la fécondité transversale a d'abord débuté par une baisse des naissances de rangs élevés, puis a continué avec une baisse du taux des naissances de premier rang associée à une chute dramatique du taux de formation de la première union depuis le

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Section: Fertility During Food Crises and Civil Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Civil Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Through Civil War, Food Crisis and Drought: Trends in Fertility and Nuptiality in Post-Soviet Tajikistan

2010

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“…Tajikistan was affected by a huge wave of out-migration of the nonethnically Tajik population in the years before and after independence in 1991. The civil war in the early post-independence years led to the internal displacement of around 500,000-600,000 people, while an estimated 70,000-100,000 fled to Afghanistan (Foroughi 2002;Lynch 2002). Virtually all of these migrants had returned to their permanent place of residence by 1997 (Rowland 2005).…”

Section: Context: Fertility In and Labour Migration From Tajikistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spousal separation, selectivity and contextual effects: exploring the relationship between international labour migration and fertility in post-Soviet Tajikistan

Clifford¹

2009

DemRes

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“…Sharma, 2006) and in the other (United Tajik Opposition rebellion in Tajikistan) the economically deprived were regional groups (Gharmis and Pamiris; see, e.g. Foroughi, 2002). 18 In the rest of the conflicts, rebels came from diverse socioeconomic groups that were not among the most economically deprived; for example, former policemen and army soldiers, ex-military officers, and workers in the conflicts in Bosnia (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A congruence analysis of the inequality–conflict nexus: Evidence from 16 cases

Bartusevičius

2017

Conflict Management and Peace Science

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The relationship between inequality and civil conflict has attracted considerable interest in conflict research. Recent large -N studies have shown that inequalities significantly contribute to the outbreak of civil conflict and have proposed a number of causal pathways to account for this. These pathways, however, have rarely been assessed in systematic case-based research. This study implements a “middle -N” qualitative congruence analysis of 16 conflicts, focusing on the observable implications of the pathways through which inequalities are typically theorized to influence conflict. The study finds evidence to support some of the main pathways proposed in the quantitative literature. Furthermore, the analysis finds that different types of inequalities relate to different conflict categories. Specifically, vertical inequalities relate to non-ethnic governmental conflicts (via an “individual deprivation pathway”), regional inequalities to non-ethnic territorial conflicts (via a “separatist pathway”), and horizontal inequalities to ethnic conflicts (via a “group deprivation pathway”).

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Tajikistan: Nationalism, Ethnicity, Conflict, and Socio-economic Disparities--Sources and Solutions

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Through Civil War, Food Crisis and Drought: Trends in Fertility and Nuptiality in Post-Soviet Tajikistan

Through Civil War, Food Crisis and Drought: Trends in Fertility and Nuptiality in Post-Soviet Tajikistan

Spousal separation, selectivity and contextual effects: exploring the relationship between international labour migration and fertility in post-Soviet Tajikistan

A congruence analysis of the inequality–conflict nexus: Evidence from 16 cases

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