Systemintegration of microsystems/chip elements in miniaturized automata for high-throughput synthesis and screening in biology, biochemistry and chemistry

Abstract

Microsystems recently have been introduced as tools for screening in modern chemistry, biochemistry and biology. It has been shown that new microsystems can be implemented in the biomedical laboratory by using the microsystemic approach for the sample carrier -the miniaturized microtiter plate (''the nanotiter plate'') -or the production of nanodroplets with ink jetters and to integrate those systems in macrodevices like xyz tables and detection devices like CCD-cameras. We show in this paper that decisive problems of the approach -the evaporation problem and the problem of chemical/biochemical/biological compatibility of the assays and the used materials can be solved successfully. It is possible to realize chemical synthesis in miniaturized flow systems and to perform isothermal amplification of RNA in silicon wafers. Furthermore real high throughput screening with in vivo systems can be performed and all relevant parameters as evaporation, pipetting and detection can be controlled on reasonable time scales.

Miniaturisation of synthesis and screening in nanotiterplates: the concept of NanoSynTest TM

“…Such formats are incompatible with homogeneous, functional highthroughput assays. The NanoSynTest TM approach -combining nanotiterplates and highly developed automated equipment like nanopipettors and CCD Cameras proved versatile for solid phase supported synthesis of peptides, the technology is currently under development for nonpeptide, non-oligomeric small-molecule synthesis [9][10][11]45].…”

“…The next step was the successful adaptation of peptide synthesis to the miniaturised format [10]. After that the approach was extended to the more sophisticated organic chemistry [11].…”

Highly resolved dose–response functions for drug-modulated bacteria cultivation obtained by fluorometric and photometric flow-through sensing in microsegmented flow

“…Beside the well-established conventional 96-well micro titerplates (MTP), miniaturized devices as nano titerplates (NTP) were introduced in order to handle smaller volumes and larger series of samples [11,12]. The biochips as a second approach are suited for detection of molecular interactions at high degrees of parallelization [13][14][15] but are less suited for the application of cell-based tests.…”

Formation of Monomeric and Novolak Azo Dyes in Nanofluid Segments by Use of a Double Injector Chip Reactor

“…Miniaturized devices have been in the focus of interest for the preparation and testing of substance libraries for more than one decade [1,2]. Microchips play an important role in DNA diagnostics.…”