Systemic Resistance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Elicited by Some Biotic Inducers Against Root Diseases

Mawad, Ahmed; Sarhan, Ehab; Abo-Ghalia, Hoda H.; Kheiralla, Zeinab H.

doi:10.21608/jsrs.2021.59086.1045

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“…Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a highvalue seed legume crop worldwide (F.F.A, 2020). Unfortunately, this pulse crop can be attacked by several serious pathogens, which can cause significant damage to the production and productivity of the chickpea (Pande et al, 2005 andMawad et al, 2021). Fusarium oxysporum is one of the main pathogens of chickpeas which can have significant negative effects on the growth and cause yield loss from 10 to 100% depending on varietal susceptibility and climatic conditions (Ashour et al, 2006 andMazen andIbrahim, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Green Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Cleome amblyocarpa on Controlling Chickpea Wilt

Elsharawy

Ibrahim

Mossa

2023

Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology

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The antifungal activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Cleome amblyocarpa was investigated against the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum (MW485609) the cause of chickpea wilt. Experimental results showed that the growth of F. oxysporum started to reach 50 % inhibition at 80 𝜇g/mL of AgNPs and also with 150 𝜇g/mL plant extract. The highest reduction % on the mycelial growth was 60.4 ± 0.00 and 67.4±1.16mm with plant extract and green synthesized nanoparticles, respectively. Data also revealed that the most effective concentration of green AgNPs solution was, 200 µl/mL, which showed 5.18 % and 9.79 % early and late wilt incidence. On the other hand, early and late wilt incidence recorded 11.24 % and 16 % due to plant extract. Meanwhile, plant survival rates were 85.03 % and 72.76 %, respectively, whereas the untreated control plants recorded only 4.85 % survivals. Images proved that the green synthesized silver nanoparticles affected the morphology of fungal hyphae grown on media supplemented with (AgNPs) solution and nanoparticles appeared in fungal cell walls compared with the effect of plant extract and with fungal hypha of control plates. Moreover, observations with TEM and SEM revealed that synthesized nanoparticles damaged fungal hyphae, causing the deformation of cell membranes and inhibition of the normal budding process. The solution of AgNPs illustrates good stability at -19.8 mV at an area of 100 %, a width of 6.75 mV. The size of AgNPs ranged from 6.06 to 40.9 nm; Mean = 20.088 nm, Dev (rms) = 7.2 nm. This research demonstrates that (AgNPs) can be employed as a safe and environmentally acceptable alternative in controlling pathogenic fungi, and limits dependence on fungicides and avoids the development of fungicide-resistant phytopathogenic generations. The green synthesis of nanoparticles with the help of C. amblyocarpa was considered a practicable and environmentally friendly way.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fusarium wilt of chickpeas is a difficult disease to treat because the pathogen blocks the plant's vascular tissues. It also causes significant losses in many chickpeas-growing regions around the world (Ashour et al, 2006;Mazen andIbrahim, 2021 andMawad et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%