Systematics of stopping and flow in Au+ Au collisions

Andronic, A.; Łukasik, J.; Reisdorf, W.; Trautmann, W.

doi:10.1140/epja/i2006-10101-2

Cited by 123 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Methods developed and described in Refs. [36,37] for correcting the finite dispersion of the reaction plane were applied. The coefficients v 1 and v 2 representing the strengths of directed and elliptic flows, respectively, were deduced from fits with the Fourier expansion f (∆φ ) ∝ 1 + 2v 1 cos(∆φ ) + 2v 2 cos(2∆φ ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry energy and density

Trautmann¹,

Cozma²,

Russotto³

2016

Proceedings of 54th International Winter Meeting on Nuclear Physics — PoS(BORMIO2016)

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The nuclear equation-of-state is a topic of highest current interest in nuclear structure and reactions as well as in astrophysics. In particular, the equation-of-state of asymmetric matter and the symmetry energy representing the difference between the energy densities of neutron matter and of symmetric nuclear matter are not sufficiently well constrained at present. The density dependence of the symmetry energy is conventionally expressed in the form of the slope parameter L describing the derivative with respect to density of the symmetry energy at saturation. Results deduced from nuclear structure and heavy-ion reaction data are distributed around a mean value L = 60 MeV. Recent studies have more thoroughly investigated the density range that a particular observable is predominantly sensitive to. Two thirds of the saturation density is a value typical for the information contained in nuclear-structure data. Higher values exceeding saturation have been shown to be probed with meson production and collective flows at incident energies in the range of up to about 1 GeV/nucleon.From the measurement of the elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to light charged particles in recent experiments at the GSI laboratory, a new more stringent constraint for the symmetry energy at suprasaturation density has been deduced. It confirms, with a considerably smaller uncertainty, the moderately soft to linear density dependence of the symmetry energy previously deduced from the FOPI-LAND data. Future opportunities offered by FAIR will be discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry energy and density

Trautmann¹,

Cozma²,

Russotto³

2016

Proceedings of 54th International Winter Meeting on Nuclear Physics — PoS(BORMIO2016)

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“…This maximum is further supported by the nuclear stopping at 400 MeV/nucleon [70]. Beyond this energy, the elliptical flow decreases indicating a transition to preferentially in-plane emission [53,54]. This rise-and-fall behavior of the elliptical flow in the expansion region is due to the variation in the passing time of the spectator and the expansion time of the participant zone [21,22].…”

Section: The Iqmd Modelmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The pulsating sign observed recently at intermediate energies has received particular attention, as it reflects the increased pressure build-up in the non-isotropic collision zone [45]. After the pioneering measurements at Saturne [46] and Bevalac [47], a wealth of experimental results have been obtained at Bevalac and SIS [15,[20][21][22][23][48][49][50][51][52] as well as at AGS [53,54], SPS [45], and RHIC [55]. In recent years, the FOPI, INDRA, and PLASTIC BALL Collaborations [20][21][22][23] have been actively involved in measuring the excitation function of elliptical flow from Fermi energies to relativistic ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapidity distribution as a probe for elliptical flow at intermediate energies

2011

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Abstract:The interplay between spectator and participant matter in heavy-ion collisions is investigated within the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model in terms of the rapidity distribution of light charged particles. The effect of different types and sizes of rapidity distributions is studied in elliptical flow.The elliptical-flow patterns show the important role of nearby spectator matter on the participant zone. This role is further explained on the basis of the passing time of the spectator and the expansion time of the participant zone. The transition from in-plane to out-of-plane emission is observed only when the midrapidity region is included into the rapidity bin. Otherwise no transition occurs. The transition energy is found to be highly sensitive to the size of the rapidity bin, while it is only weakly dependent on the type of the rapidity distribution. These theoretical findings are found to be in agreement with experimental results. PACS (

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“…However, the multiplicity of emitted particle species and the dynamic evolution of the hot and dense nuclear medium (including density and momentum) together decide the complexity and richness of the excitation function of flow results [4,22,23]. Therefore, besides the stiffness of EoS, the treatment in collision term, especially on the medium modifications of (differential) cross sections with various incoming and outcoming particle types, ought to be paid more attention.…”

Section: Urqmd Model and Collective Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An explanation of the elliptic flow difference between proton and anti-proton from the UrQMD model with hadron potentials

Wang

et al. 2016

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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The time evolution of both proton and anti-proton v 2 flows from Au+Au collisions at √ s N N =7.7GeV are examined by using both pure cascade and mean-field potential versions of the UrQMD model. Due to a stronger repulsion at the early stage introduced by the repulsive potentials and hence much less annihilation probabilities, anti-protons are frozen out earlier with smaller v 2 values. Therefore, the experimental data of anti-proton v 2 as well as the flow difference between proton and anti-proton can be reasonably described with the potential version of UrQMD.

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Systematics of stopping and flow in Au+ Au collisions

Cited by 123 publications

References 149 publications

Symmetry energy and density

Symmetry energy and density

Rapidity distribution as a probe for elliptical flow at intermediate energies

An explanation of the elliptic flow difference between proton and anti-proton from the UrQMD model with hadron potentials

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