System-Level Model and Stochastic Optimal Control for a PEM Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle

Lin, C.C.; Kim, Min-Joong; Peng, Huei; Grizzle, Jessy W.

doi:10.1115/1.2362785

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, we chose the compressor diameter scale as a design variable because the compressor is the major draw on auxiliary power, whereas power consumptions of other auxiliaries are linearly scaled by the number of fuel cells. We developed a static FCS model based on the model parameters of our test data and previous study [14]. To reduce the computational time of the optimization process, the FCS scaling model eventually will build simple static maps, which relate the fuel cell net current to the fuel cell stack voltage, auxiliary power, and hydrogen fuel consumption.…”

Section: Fuel Cell System Scaling Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power management and design optimization of fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicles

Kim

Peng

2007

Journal of Power Sources

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297

131

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Abstract-Power management strategy is as significant as component sizing in achieving optimal fuel economy of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle (FCHV). We have formulated a combined power management/design optimization problem for the performance optimization of FCHVs. This includes subsystem-scaling models to predict the characteristics of components of different sizes. In addition, we designed a parameterizable and near-optimal controller for power management optimization. This controller, which is inspired by our Stochastic Dynamic Programming results, can be included as design variables in system optimization problems. Simulation results demonstrate that combined optimization can efficiently provide excellent fuel economy. IntroductionPower management strategy and component sizing affect vehicle performance and fuel economy considerably in hybrid vehicles because of the multiple power sources and differences in their characteristics.Furthermore, these two important factors are coupled-different design of component sizing should come with different design of power management strategy. Therefore, to achieve maximum fuel economy for hybrid vehicles, optimal power management and component sizing should be determined as a combined package. Our research has formulated and solved a combined power management/design (i.e., control/plant) optimization problem of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle (FCHV).Development of the power management strategy is one of the important tasks in developing hybrid vehicles and relatively many literatures can be found. to determine an optimal power distribution for a fuel cell/supercapacitor hybrid vehicle. The concept of equivalent factors in hybrid electric vehicles has been described by Sciarretta et al. [3]. In the same research, they also compared their power management result to deterministic dynamic programming result, which can lead to a global optimality. Another reference was published from Argonne National Laboratory [10], with an approach similar to [9]. In addition to component sizing optimization, Markel et al. [11] summarized design issues such as cost and volume in choosing types and sizes of the energy storage system for FCHVs.Research in the optimization of hybrid vehicles was predominately conducted independently for either component sizing or control strategy; in rare cases when the two were considered together, control strategies

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Section: Fuel Cell System Scaling Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power management and design optimization of fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicles

Kim

Peng

2007

Journal of Power Sources

Self Cite

297

131

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“…The driver is modeled as a PI controller about the error of the vehicle speed [25]. And the percentage position of the pedal  is described as follow.…”

Section: A the Driver Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application-Oriented Stochastic Energy Management for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus With AMT

Zhang

Yan

Yang

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Taking the complex but regular characteristic of bus routine into account, the stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) might be a more potential method to optimize the energy management for plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB). However, the discrete transmission system and the continuous power system make it a complicated multi-dimensional optimal problem especially for PHEB with automated mechanical transmission (AMT), and the optimal decisions, which obtained based on historical data, might not always well satisfy the driver's expectation to vehicle maneuverability under various driving conditions. To solve these problems, an adaptive approach based on the SDP is proposed in this paper. Exhaustively, the SDP is propelled into the input of the transmission to only optimize the torque-split under the special gearshift logic, which reduces the dimensions of optimization and obtains more applicable optimal sequences. Then, an adaptive factor, which trade-off the vehicle fuel economy and drivability in real time by dynamically adjusting the gearshift points and the torque split, is developed for the variation of the complicated bus driving cycles. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method could well respond the variations of the driving conditions (e.g. road grade and vehicle load etc.). Furthermore, the performance of the proposed method is detailed discussed by comparing with different control strategies. More significantly, the proposed approach has a great potential to apply in actual.Index Terms-Plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB), stochastic dynamic programming (SDP), adaptive factor, optimal energy management.W 0018-9545 (c) be obtained from the IEEE by sending a request to pubs-permissions@ieee.org.2 Furthermore, R. Johri et al. proposed a simultaneous optimization of power split and gear shift logic for HEV using SDP [21]. Great contributes have been made for above researches on optimizing the power management to some extent. However, most of them mainly concentrate on the conventional HEVs or PHEVs without transmission and seldom take the bus routine into account. Considering the versatile characteristic of driving conditions, it is a complicated multi-dimensional optimal problem especially for energy management of PHEB with AMT.[21] proposed a good method to simultaneous optimal the power split and gear shift, however, the optimal results, which are mapped as two independent and constant lookup-tables, might not always well respond the variable driving conditions. Due to the strictly inter-corresponding relationship between power split and gearshift, it would break the optimal decisions and highly deteriorate the vehicle fuel economy if any changes happened on the optimal gearshift to obtain the good maneuverability. Moreover, the simultaneous optimization would highly increase the calculate burden, and the complicated optimized results would jeopardize the real-time operation. Therefore it is necessary to decouple the gearshift logic from the whole optimization.This paper proposes an adaptive...

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“…This paper considers how hydrogen and fuel cells can be combined in a hybrid battery plug-in vehicle to give improved performance in two campus drive cycles. Hybrid hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have been explored theoretically in a number of previous papers [1][2][3][4] but most operational hydrogen hybrids have been combustion engine Prius vehicles [5,6] which continue to emit NO x . The purpose of this study was to introduce a new design of lightweight hydrogen fuel cell hybrid on campus, to test several vehicles in two drive cycles and to point out improvements necessary in future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicles (HFCHV) for Birmingham campus

Kendall

Pollet

Dhir

et al. 2011

Journal of Power Sources

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a b s t r a c tThe design of a campus mail delivery vehicle powered by 350 bar hydrogen feeding a 1.2 kW PEM fuel cell to charge a lead acid battery pack is described. Five vehicles supplied to the campus at the University of Birmingham to measure the performance and to evaluate relevance to fleet operations are discussed. It is shown that the performance is better than that of a standard diesel van in two drive cycles, one following an academic circuit around the campus, the other doing multiple mail delivery stops. The acceleration and drive cycle compliance are found to be adequate on campus and the efficiency is significantly better than the diesel. The need for extension of range and increase in power and acceleration to meet standard urban drive cycles is clearly demonstrated.

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System-Level Model and Stochastic Optimal Control for a PEM Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle

Cited by 50 publications

References 15 publications

Power management and design optimization of fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicles

Power management and design optimization of fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicles

Application-Oriented Stochastic Energy Management for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus With AMT

Hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicles (HFCHV) for Birmingham campus

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