Syphilis mimicking idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Yri, H; Wegener, Marianne; Jensen, Rigmor

doi:10.1136/bcr.09.2011.4813

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, other risk factors must also be involved in IIH development and dysregulation of ICP in the brain since most patients with obesity do not develop IIH. Several case reports describe, mostly in children, a clinical syndrome like IIH but with its onset in association with syphilis, hepatitis A, varicella, measles, or other viral infections (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious and inflammatory disorders might increase the risk of developing idiopathic intracranial hypertension – a national case-control study

et al. 2020

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Objective To investigate whether conditions causing inflammatory activation are associated with increased risk of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Methods All newly diagnosed idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients (cases) in Sweden between 2000–2016 were identified using pre-determined algorithms (n = 902) and matched with five controls from the general population and five individuals with an obesity diagnosis (n = 4510) for age, sex, region, and vital status. National health registers provided information on infections, inflammatory disorders and dispensed medications. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results Compared to general population controls, the cases had fourfold increased odds of having an infection (odds ratio = 4.3, 95% confidence interval 3.3–5.6), and threefold increased odds of an inflammatory disorder the year prior to idiopathic intracranial hypertension diagnosis (odds ratio = 3.2, 95% confidence interval 2.4–4.3). Organ specific analyses showed that odds were increased for the study diseases in the respiratory organ, kidney organ and gastrointestinal tract, but not for female genital infections. Similar results were found when comparing idiopathic intracranial hypertension with obese controls though the odds ratios were of lower magnitude. Sub-analyses on exposure to anti-infectious and anti-inflammatory drugs confirmed the increased odds ratios for idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients. Conclusions These findings suggest that major inflammatory activation may be a risk factor in idiopathic intracranial hypertension development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious and inflammatory disorders might increase the risk of developing idiopathic intracranial hypertension – a national case-control study

et al. 2020

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“…However, studies have reported cases of early neurosyphilis with low WBC counts and normal protein in the CSF. 3,4,6,[10][11][12] Furthermore, the preceding rash was likely a manifestation of secondary syphilis that was attributed to a drug reaction possibly due to the patient reporting monogamy with his wife. Sexual histories do not reliably predict STI status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5] There are case reports of syphilis misdiagnosed as idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in HIV seronegative men who have sex with men. 6,7 IIH is a diagnosis of exclusion, as elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) can result from a variety of causes. 8,9 We report a case of a heterosexual man presenting with vision changes and headache who was treated for IIH without resolution of his symptoms and eventually diagnosed with syphilitic hydrocephalus that responded rapidly to appropriate treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More than meets the eye: Papilledema from syphilis posing as idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Chi

Weintrob

2020

Int J STD AIDS

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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), or pseudotumor cerebri, is a diagnosis of exclusion. Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) can result from a variety of inflammatory and structural causes affecting cerebrospinal fluid production and absorption. First described in 1935, syphilis is a well-established cause of elevated ICP, referred to as syphilitic hydrocephalus. We report a case of a 49-year-old man presenting with vision changes and headache who was treated for IIH without resolution of symptoms, and eventually diagnosed with syphilitic hydrocephalus. Syphilis should be considered as a cause of elevated ICP prior to a diagnosis of IIH.

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“…Typically, the swelling of the optic disc is associated with an increase of ICP (and then called papilledema) with its various causes (e.g., space-occupying intracranial lesions or cerebral edema, disturbances of the CSF flow or intracranial hypertension) and associated pathologies (e.g., meningitis, hydrocephalus, brain tumors, pseudotumor cerebri [4]); a more exotic example [5] describes papilledema as an initial presentation of Castleman disease. Sarcoidosis and other inflammatory or infectious processes (e.g., syphilis [6], HIV-associated meningoradiculitis [7] may induce perineuritis and, as a consequence, an optic disc swelling without increased ICP [8, 9]).…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Primary Ocular Manifestation of Sarcoidosis

Deuchler¹,

Wagner²,

Schill³

et al. 2019

Case Rep Ophthalmol

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A 23-year-old male patient presented with very mild visual disturbances, but a distinct prominence of the optic discs, more pronounced in the right than in the left eye. The ophthalmic symptoms initially seemed trivial, but a large-scale interdisciplinary workup later identified them as the presenting symptoms of sarcoidosis affecting lung and eyes. A standard steroid monotherapy successfully caused regression of the ophthalmic findings.

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Syphilis mimicking idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Infectious and inflammatory disorders might increase the risk of developing idiopathic intracranial hypertension – a national case-control study

Infectious and inflammatory disorders might increase the risk of developing idiopathic intracranial hypertension – a national case-control study

More than meets the eye: Papilledema from syphilis posing as idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Unusual Primary Ocular Manifestation of Sarcoidosis

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