Synthesis of Transesterified Palm Olein‐Based Polyol and Rigid Polyurethanes from this Polyol

Abstract

Transesterification of palm olein with glycerol can increase the functionality by introducing additional hydroxyl groups to the triglyceride structure, an advantage compared to using palm olein directly as feedstock for producing palm-based polyol. The objective of this study was to synthesize transesterified palm olein-based polyol via a three-step reaction: (1) transesterification of palm olein, (2) epoxidation and (3) epoxide ring opening. Transesterification of palm olein yielded approximately 78 % monoglyceride and has an hydroxyl value of approximately 164 mg KOH g−1. The effect of formic acid and hydrogen peroxide concentrations on the epoxidation reaction was studied. The relationships between epoxide ring-opening reaction time and residual oxirane oxygen content and hydroxyl value were monitored. The synthesized transesterified palm olein-based polyol has hydroxyl value between 300 and 330 mg KOH g−1 and average molecular weight between 1,000 and 1,100 Da. On the basis of the hydroxyl value and average molecular weight of the polyol, the transesterified palm olein-based polyol is suitable for producing rigid polyurethane foam, which can be designed to exhibit desirable properties. Rigid polyurethane foams were synthesized by substituting a portion of petroleum-based polyol with the transesterified palm olein-based polyol. It was observed that by increasing the amount of transesterified palm olein-based polyol, the core density and compressive strength were reduced but at the same time the insulation properties of the rigid polyurethane foam were improved.

Production and Emulsifying Effect of Esters on The Basis of Polyglycerol and Еpoxidized Derivatives of Sunflower and Soybean Oil

“…However, many of them require the use of rare and/or expensive catalysts, sometimes additional costs are required for the isolation and purification of the final product. The most effective and simple method is using performic acid as an epoxidizing reagent, which is formed in situ from hydrogen peroxide and formic acid (Arniza et al, ; Doll and Erhan, ; Lee et al, ; Saurabh et al, ; Tuan et al, ). However, the optimization of epoxidation conditions is a necessary procedure due to the different fatty‐acid composition of vegetable oils.…”

Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Busa Poliuretan dari Minyak Goreng Bekas dan Toluen Diisosianat dengan Penambahan PEG-400

“…Di dunia industri, poliuretan diproduksi dalam bentuk busa-busa yang kuat dan fleksibel dengan konduktivitas rendah sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan isolator panas (Stevens, 2007 Arniza et al (2015) juga telah melakukan sintesis poliuretan dari poliol hasil transesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit. Berdasarkan uraian di atas penambahan aditif pada proses polimerisasi sebagai pemanjang rantai (chain extender) diperlukan agar lebih mudah bereaksi dengan isosianat dan diperoleh busa poliuretan dengan sifat termal yang lebih baik.…”

Oleic Acid Enhancement in Used Frying Palm Oil via Enzymatic Acidolysis

“…Not only restricted for food purposes, high oleic oils have been utilized for non-food applications. Vegetable-based high oleic oil can be further processed via transesterification to produce products such as polyurethane [8]. Ramli et al [9] indicated that palm oil is among the vegetable source of monounsaturated fatty acids due to the abundant amount of palm oil available in Malaysia as compared to soybean and sunflower oils.…”