Synthesis of polymer particles possessing radical initiating sites on the surface by emulsion copolymerization and construction of core–shell structures by a photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization approach

Abstract

The crosslinked polystyrene particles possessing photofunctional N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate groups on their surface were prepared by free‐radical emulsion copolymerization of a mixture of styrene, divinylbenzene and 4‐vinylbenzyl N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate with redox system as an initiator under UV irradiation. In this copolymerization, the inimer 4‐vinylbenzyl N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate acted the formation of hyperbranched structures by living radical photopolymerization. The particle sizes (number‐average particle diameter = 214–523 nm) were controlled by varying the feed amount of surfactant and size distributions were relatively narrow. Subsequently, core–shell particles were synthesized by photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization approach of methyl methacrylate initiated by photofunctional polystyrene particles as a macroinitiator. Such core–shell particles were stabilized sterically by grafted chains in organic solvents. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1771–1777, 2007

Architecture of polymer particles composed of brush structure at surfaces and construction of colloidal crystals

“…In previous works [24][25][26], the reduction of DC groups at the peripheral sites of hyperbranched polymers and at the side chain ends of polymer brushes was recognized from the disappearance of methylene proton (d = 3.68 and 4.00 ppm) of DC groups by 1 H NMR spectra. The content of DC groups on the surfaces of the CSP particles was measured as follows.…”

“…Ishizu et al [25,26] reported that the architecture of polymeric superstructure films by locking the cubic lattices of cross-linked core-shell particles in a poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix was composed of three phase-separated microdomains.…”

Synthesis of tailored core–brush polymer particles via a living radical polymerization and architecture of colloidal crystals

“…In previous works [22,23], the reduction of DC groups at the peripheral sites of hyperbranched structures was recognized from the disappearance of methylene protons (d = 3.68 and 4.00 ppm) of DC groups by 1 H NMR spectra. The content of DC groups on the surface of the EP particles was measured as follows.…”

“…More recently, we established a new synthetic method for cross-linked polystyrene (PS) particles possessing photo-functional N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (DC) groups on their surface by the free-radical emulsion copolymerization of a mixture of styrene (St), divinylbenzene (DVB), and inimer: 4-vinylbenzyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (VBDC) with a redox system as an initiator under UV irradiation [22]. In this copolymerization, the inimer VBDC had the formation of hyperbranched structures by living radical 0021-9797/$ -see front matter Ó 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.…”

Preparation of transparent polystyrene nano-latexes by an UV-induced routine emulsion polymerization

“…UV light has become a useful tool for initiating polymerization due to certain significant advantages [22][23][24][25], and this method has been applied to emulsion polymerization [26,27]. The polymerization can be easily varied by controlling the light intensity and the time of irradiation.…”