Preparation of transparent polystyrene nano-latexes by an UV-induced routine emulsion polymerization

Hu, Xuefeng; Zhang, Jieyu; Yang, Wantai

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.10.058

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In 2009, Yang et al carried out emulsion polymerization of styrene under UV irradiation in a beaker shaped container covered by a quartz cap through which the magnetically stirred reaction system was irradiated under a nitrogen blanket by a short high pressure Hg arc (375 W) [111]. Two radical photoinitiators were employed: the water-soluble Irgacure 2959 (P4, Table 1) and the hydrophobic DMPA (P5).…”

Section: Adaptation To Photoinitiation: O/w Emulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photopolymerization in dispersed systems

Jasinski

Zetterlund

Braun

et al. 2018

Progress in Polymer Science

128

115

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Zero-VOC technologies combining ecological and economic efficiency are destined to occupy a growing place in the polymer economy. Today, Polymerization in dispersed systems and Photopolymerization are the two major key players. The hybrid technology based on photopolymerization in dispersed systems has emerged as the next technological frontier, not only to make processes even more efficient and eco-friendly, but also to expand the range of polymer products and properties. This review summarizes the current knowledge in research relevant to this field in an exhaustive way. Firstly, fundamentals of photoinitiated polymerization in dispersed systems are given to show the favourable context for developing this emerging technology, its specific features as well as the distinctive equipment and materials necessary for its implementation. Secondly, a state-of-the-art and critical review is provided according to the seven main processing methods in dispersed systems: emulsion, microemulsion, miniemulsion, dispersion, precipitation, suspension, and aerosol.

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Section: Adaptation To Photoinitiation: O/w Emulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial styrene emulsion (a), PS latex prepared using DMPA (b, turbid) and I 2959 (c, transparent). This figure has been reproduced from[111] with permission of the copyright owners.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photopolymerization in dispersed systems

Jasinski

Zetterlund

Braun

et al. 2018

Progress in Polymer Science

128

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Hence the rate of polymerization increases. [11] According to the theory of classical emulsion polymerization, [31,32] polymerization rate (r p ) and average degree of polymerization (X n ) can been respectively represented as Eq. (1) and Eq.…”

Section: H-nmr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For certain partly hydrophilic monomers, Bhawal et al and Pokhriyal et al [7][8][9][10] were able to yield stable translucent nano-sized latexes (30-50 nm) by emulsion polymerization. For some hydrophobic monomer such as styrene, Xuefeng Hu et al [11] used the hydroxylfunctionalized polymer chains to promote a colloidal stability of the small latex particles and prevent coagulation even at low surfactant concentrations. The particle sizes could be tuned in the range of 20-40 nm with a surfactant concentration of 0.4 wt% and a monomer concentration of 10 wt%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate) nano-latexes via UV irradiation in the presence of iron aqueous solution

Hong¹,

Zang²,

Luo³

et al. 2012

E-Polymers

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Abstract:The UV-initiated emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the presence of FeCl 3 was studied. The photopolymerization presented high efficiency even though using a small percentage of photoinitiator. The entire polymerization could be performed within 10 min and displayed a conversion higher than 90% at ambient temperature. The particle sizes could be tuned in the range of 20-90 nm. The effects of content of initiator and emulsifying agent upon the reaction conversion, distribution of molecular weight, diameter of particles and glass-transition temperature were examined.

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“…The feasibility of emulsion-based photochemical polymerizations was tested earlier with simple bench equipments. These investigations implied mainly polymerizations in microemulsions − or micelles, − but other work dealt with emulsion, − dispersion, , miniemulsion, − and suspension , polymerizations under special experimental conditions. A photochemically initiated polymerization in miniemulsion could provide a number of advantages with respect to the other techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radical Photopolymerization in Miniemulsions. Fundamental Investigations and Technical Development

et al. 2011

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A photochemical means to convert acrylate monomer emulsions into polymer nanolatexes has been explored using radical miniemulsion photopolymerization. Our aim is to offer a complete overview through a stepwise mechanistic investigation, addressing first the key aspect of the electronic excitation of the photoinitiator in monomer miniemulsions and ending with the implementation of a photochemical reactor. In a first step, the photon flux absorbed by different photochemical initiators was investigated as a function of the miniemulsion droplet size. A series of miniemulsion polymerizations were also performed and the effects of the primary experimental parameters on the reactions kinetics, molar masses, and colloidal properties were assessed. As expected, droplet size, incident photon flux, and the nature of the photochemical initiator were found to be the primary reaction parameters. Finally, miniemulsion polymerizations were performed in an annular photochemical reactor in batch and semibatch processes.

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Preparation of transparent polystyrene nano-latexes by an UV-induced routine emulsion polymerization

Cited by 32 publications

References 41 publications

Photopolymerization in dispersed systems

Photopolymerization in dispersed systems

Preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate) nano-latexes via UV irradiation in the presence of iron aqueous solution

Radical Photopolymerization in Miniemulsions. Fundamental Investigations and Technical Development

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