Synthesis of high capacity cation exchangers from a low-grade Chinese natural zeolite

Wang, Yifei; Feng, Lin

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.12.001

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Water hardness is determined by measuring the total concentration of magnesium and calcium in a water source. Water hardness impacts ecological, fish cultures as well as many other species that rely on a steady calcium carbonate concentration (Wang & Lin 2009). Health request ions regarding drinking hard water has also begun to emerge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of water hardness using zeolite synthesized from Ethiopian kaolin by hydrothermal method

Aragaw

Ayalew

2018

Water Practice and Technology

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The use of low cost materials in zeolite synthesis becomes an area of important interest in water softening. This research is aimed to utilize kaolin for zeolite synthesis with hydrothermal method. Mechanical, thermal chemical treatments of raw kaolin were used for zeolite synthesis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), AAS, XRD, surface area (BET), differential scanning calorimetry and TGA were used to characterize kaolin and zeolite and UV–VIS/spectrometer were used for adsorption capacity of ion exchange. Effect of contact time, pH solution and temperature of the solution were studied for batch experiments. XRD values indicated that the prepared material is showed as fully crystalline and primarily amorphous. Before and after hardness removal sample transmittance percentage intensity showed a wide range of difference. From this study, it can be deduced that Zeolite can be used as a low cost water softening agent. At room temperature, the residue is well with calcium and badly with magnesium, whereas affinity toward Mg ions increases to acceptable levels at 60 °C. The cation exchange capacity of zeolite was found to be dependent on contact time. The batch experiments of removing Ca2+ and Mg2+ show that the adsorption capacity of zeolite in calcium ion is higher affinity than magnesium ion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of water hardness using zeolite synthesized from Ethiopian kaolin by hydrothermal method

Aragaw

Ayalew

2018

Water Practice and Technology

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“…However, in some synthesis methods, the synthetic zeolite products still contain impurities. These impurities can lower the Ca 2+ -exchange capacity (CEC) and affect their industrial applications in some high-value fields, especially the application as ion exchangers in the treatment of heavy metals and organic pollutants [11,30]. Moreover, in other synthesis methods, additional Al-sources or/and Si-sources are required and the synthesis routes are not environmentally friendly [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Na-A zeolite from coal gangue with the in-situ crystallization technique

Qian

2015

Advanced Powder Technology

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“…In recent years, a wide variety of natural, synthetic and modified zeolites (Weatherley & Miladinovic 2004;Sarioglu 2005;Saltali et al 2007;Liang & Ni 2009;Roberto et al 2009;Wang & Lin 2009) have been reported as adsorbents for NH þ 4 removal. However, the removal capacity varies with the source of the zeolite, the location within a particular deposit and the capacity measurement technique employed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the use of zeolites as adsorbent for NH þ 4 removal had been investigated by many researchers over the last decades, research on the removal of NH þ 4 by zeolitic materials are still ongoing. Some reports found that synthetic or modified zeolites usually have higher doi: 10.2166/wst.2010.301 adsorption capability compared with natural zeolites, which is mainly due to the possibility of adjusting their pore size through different synthesized or modified techniques (Liang & Ni 2009;Roberto et al 2009;Vassileva & Voikova 2009;Wang & Lin 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium removal from aqueous solution by zeolite X synthesized from halloysite mineral

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2010

Water Science and Technology

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Zeolite X was successfully synthesized from natural halloysite mineral by hydrothermal method. The synthesized zeolite X was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and HRTEM. The characterization indicated that zeolite X had high crystallinity together with symmetrical and uniform pore channels. Ammonium (NH₄+) adsorption properties of zeolite X were studied using batch experiments. The results revealed that high initial concentration and low temperature favored NH₄+ adsorption on zeolite X. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms fit well with the equilibrium data. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption followed pseudo-second-order model. Intra-particle diffusion analysis demonstrated that NH₄+ diffused quickly among the particles at the initial 20 min of the adsorption process, and then the diffusion slowed down and stabilized. Thermodynamic parameters such as change in free energy (ΔG⁰), enthalpy (ΔH⁰) and entropy (ΔS⁰) indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic at ambient conditions. The reusable ability of zeolite X was also evaluated. Due to its low cost, high adsorption capacity and fast adsorption rate, zeolite X synthesized from halloysite could be used as an effective and environmental-friendly adsorbent for NH₄+ removal.

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Synthesis of high capacity cation exchangers from a low-grade Chinese natural zeolite

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Removal of water hardness using zeolite synthesized from Ethiopian kaolin by hydrothermal method

Removal of water hardness using zeolite synthesized from Ethiopian kaolin by hydrothermal method

Synthesis of Na-A zeolite from coal gangue with the in-situ crystallization technique

Ammonium removal from aqueous solution by zeolite X synthesized from halloysite mineral

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