“…The useful ingredients of coal gangue are also not reasonably utilized, for example, most of coal gangue is used for traditional construction materials, including pottery, cement and brick [10e12]. In recent years, the coal gangue with high content of carbon, SiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 has been increasingly used to fabricate chemical materials, such as zeolite-activated carbon composite adsorbents [13,14], zeolites [15], and activated carbons [16]. However, nowadays these technologies are still in the process of development.…”
“…The useful ingredients of coal gangue are also not reasonably utilized, for example, most of coal gangue is used for traditional construction materials, including pottery, cement and brick [10e12]. In recent years, the coal gangue with high content of carbon, SiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 has been increasingly used to fabricate chemical materials, such as zeolite-activated carbon composite adsorbents [13,14], zeolites [15], and activated carbons [16]. However, nowadays these technologies are still in the process of development.…”
“…Usually, coal gangue was used as raw material to produce zeolite and mullite ceramics [18][19][20]. Moreover, many investigations have focused on its promising adsorption property in polluted water, especially for heavy ions and organic dyes [21][22][23][24].…”
Low-cost porous ceramic microspheres from waste gangue were prepared by simple spray drying and subsequent calcination. Effects of calcination temperature on phase and microstructure evolution, specific surface area, pore structure, and dye adsorption mechanism of the microspheres were investigated systematically. Results showed that the microspheres were spherical, with some mesopores both on the surface and inside the spheres. The phase kept kaolinite after calcined at 800 and 900 and transformed into mullite at 1000 ℃ . The microspheres calcined at 800 ℃ showed ℃ larger adsorption capacity and removal efficiency than those calcined at higher temperatures. Methylene blue (MB) and basic fuchsin (BF) removal efficiency reached 100% and 99.9% with the microsphere dosage of 20 g/L, respectively, which was comparable to that of other low-cost waste adsorbents used to remove dyes in the literature. Adsorption kinetics data followed the pseudosecond-order kinetic model, and the isotherm data fit the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption process was attributed to multiple adsorption mechanisms including physical adsorption, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions between dyes and gangue microspheres. The low-cost porous microspheres with excellent cyclic regeneration properties are promising absorbent for dyes in wastewater filtration and adsorption treatment.
“…The latter approach fits in the tendency of innovative technologies to reduce the harmful effects of industrial hazardous wastes [7]. For the case of zeolite synthesis from solid residues, studies over the last 10 years show that there exists a variety of interesting sources of aluminosilicates [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Fly ashes have been used as raw material for the synthesis of zeolites [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fly ashes have been used as raw material for the synthesis of zeolites [8]. Qian and Li [13] synthesized Na-A zeolite with coal gangue with high content of carbon. These zeolites are the most synthesized using low-medium conditions in the synthesis process.…”
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