Synthesis of Biodegradable Superabsorbent Polymers from Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Humic Acid

Abstract

Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) blend has been synthesized from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), humic acid, and aluminum sulphate octadecahydrate cross-linker. SAP is hydrophilic networks that can absorb and retain huge amount of water within their structures. Humic acid as starting material of polymer, was isolated from subgrade Batujai Dam by using IHSS method. Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) measurement, FTIR analysis, and agitation tests to investigate the cross-linking process and which of Al 3+ and SO 4 2ions causes the crosslinking are carried out. Optimum cross-linking ratio of CMC and cross-linker appeared to be 2wt% corresponded to WAC determination. FTIR spectrum of CMC/humic acid blend and agitation test showed that CMC react with humic acid during polymerization process via Al 3+ ion.

The Effect of Stirring Speeds to the Entrapment Efficiency in a Nanoparticles Formulation of Java Plum’s seed Ethanol Extract (Syzygium cumini)

“…In this research, aside from active compounds based on natural ingredients, chitosan, a nanoparticle carrier system, is also a natural material. Chitosan is obtained from the hydrolysis of chitin polymer, which is obtained from the shells of crustaceans such as shrimp, lobster, and crab [11]. Therefore, these ingredients are commonly consumed, so they are unlikely to cause toxicity at therapeutic doses [12].…”

Effect of Soda Pulping Variables on Pulp Properties of Coir Fiber

“…Initially, non-wood fibers were used to save and preserve forest and ground waste utilization. However, nonwood utilization reasons shifted to the shorter pulping process, fewer chemicals, and pulp properties, almost like the pulp of wood [1] [2]. Many studies have been carried out over many years to investigate the use of agricultural wastes and annual plants such as rice straw, kapok, bamboo, pineapple crown leaves, kenaf, and bagasse [3] [4] [5] as an alternative source of fibers.…”