: Misuse of adding chemical drugs – BKO – into herbal medicines is often done by irresponsible people. The aim is to increase efficacy instantly, to attract consumer interest. BKO, which are often added to herbal medicine, are antalgin and dexamethasone. Antalgin content analysis was carried out quantitatively using the iodimetry titration method by conducting a preliminary test. The dexamethasone content analysis was carried out with qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative method was carried out using TLC. The quantitative method was carried out using the HPLC technique. The results obtained for the analysis of antalgin content of 10 samples were obtained two samples of herbal medicine containing antalgin, respectively 0,0749% and 0,1083%. Analysis of the dexamethasone content from 10 samples obtained 5 herbal samples containing dexamethasone respectively 0.0979%, 0.222%, 0.4521%, 0.5131% and 0.2809%. So based on these results, it is necessary to take action from the relevant institution regarding the discovery of the content of BKO in the herbal medicine on the market in Lombok.Abstrak : Penyalahgunaan penambahan bahan kimia obat (BKO) kedalam jamu sering sekali dilakukan oleh oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Hal ini dilakukan dengan tujuan meningkatkan khasiat secara instan, sehingga dapat menarik minat konsumen. BKO yang sering ditambahkan kedalam jamu adalah antalgin dan deksametason. Analisis kandungan antalgin dlakukan dengan cara kuantitatif menggunakan metode titrasi iodimetri dengan melakukan uji pendahuluan. Sedangkan analisis kandungan deksametason dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan KLT. Metode kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik HPLC. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk analisis kandungan antalgin dari 10 sampel didapat 2 sampel jamu yang mengandung antalgin masing-masing sebesar 0,0749% dan 0,1083%. Analisis kandungan deksametason dari 10 sampel diperoleh 5 sampel jamu yang mengandung deksametason masing masing sebesar 0,0979%; 0,222%; 0,4521%; 0,5131% dan 0,2809%. Sehingga berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka perlu dilakukan adanya tindakan dari instansi terkait perihal masih ditemukannya kandungan BKO dalam sediaan jamu yang beredar di pasaran pulau Lombok.
ABSTRAKKacang panjang (Vigna unguiculata) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan karena mengandung metabolit sekunder hampir di seluruh bagian tanamannya, seperti pada daging buahnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar fenolik total ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak air daging buah kacang panjang dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Visible. Sampel daging buah kacang panjang dimaserasi menggunakan dua pelarut berbeda, yaitu pelarut etanol 96% dan pelarut air. Analisis kadar fenolik total dilakukan dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Visible. Kadar fenolik total dinyatakan dalam gallic acid equivalent (GAE). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kadar fenolik total ekstrak etanol kacang panjang sebesar 40,4173 ± 4.2303 mg GAE/g dan kadar fenolik total ekstrak air kacang panjang sebesar 60.6062 ± 2,8533 mg GAE/g. Ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak air dari daging buah kacang panjang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dilihat dari parameter kadar fenolik totalnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa kadar fenolik total ekstrak air lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak etanol daging buah kacang panjang. Kata kunci : Kacang panjang (Vigna unguiculata); Spektrofotometri UV-Visible; Kadar fenolik total.ABSTRACTCowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is one of the vegetables that have antioxidant potential due to it contains some secondary metabolites that scattered on every part of the Cowpea, such as the pod coat. The aimed of this study was to determine total phenolic content of Cowpea pod coat ethanolic extract and aqueous extract using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Cowpea pod coats were macerated using two different solvents, ethanol 96%, and aqueous. Total phenolic content was showed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The analysis results showed that total phenolic content of ethanol extract of cowpea was 40,41732 ± 4.2303 mg GAE/g and total phenolic content of aqueous extract of cowpea was 60.6062 ± 2,8533 mg GAE/g. The ethanolic extract and aqueous extract of cowpea pod coat have antioxidant potential in terms of total phenolic content parameter. Based on the research, the total phenolic content of cowpea pod aqueous extract higher than cowpea pod coat ethanolic extract.Keywords : Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata); Spectrophotometric UV-Visible; Total phenolic content.
Buah Makasar [Brucea javanica (L) Merr] is one of the local plants in Lombok Island that is traditionally used for diabetic medication. The purpose of this research was to identify the chemical constituents containing in methanol leaves and seed extract of Buah Makasar. The methods used were phytochemical screening for some groups of chemical compounds and GC-MS analysis. The result of phytochemical screening showed that methanol extract of B. javanica seed contains alkaloids, terpenoids, and tannin with a high intensity; while the leaves extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannin, and saponin. The differences of chemical compositions in the leaves and seed extract may give them have different bioactivities. GC-MS analysis showed some fatty acids containing in the seed extract such as stearic acid and palmitic acid.
Tanaman rengga (Amomum dealbatum Roxb) tergolong family Zingiberaceae. Tanaman ini merupakan tanaman khas Pulau Lombok yang masih jarang dimanfaatkan potensinya. Buah tanaman rengga biasa dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat setempat, namun kandungan nutrisinya belum dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan nutrisi pada buah rengga yang terdapat di Pulau Lombok. Kandungan nutrisi meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar serat, lemak, protein dan karbohidrat menggunakan analisis proksimat mengikuti metode AOAC 2005. Hasil analisis proksimat menunjukkan kandungan nutrisi buah rengga yaitu kadar air 55,19±0,27%; kadar abu 3,72±0,10%; kadar karbohidrat 34,51±0,03%; serat 6,46±0,57%; lemak 2,87±0,05%; dan protein 3,13±0,09%.
Rapid transmission of COVID-19 disease and the fatal effects of the disease lead researchers to use various way to find potential anti-COVID-19 compounds, including using modern approaches. Molecular docking is one of the methods that can be used to analyse antiviral compounds and its molecular target from Indonesian herbs that are believed to have properties as anti-COVID-19. This study aims to analyse antiviral compounds from 5 herbs that have the potential as inhibitors of PLpro and 3CLpro, which both are a non-structural protein in SARS-CoV-2 by molecular docking approach using PLANTS. Remdesivir triphosphate, the active metabolite of remdesivir, was used as the comparison compound in studies. The results showed docking scores obtained from interactions between natural ligands, remdesivir trifospat, curcumin, demetoksikurkumin, bisdemetoksikurkumin, luteolin, apigenin, kuersetin, kaempferol, formononrtin-7-O-glucoronide, androgafolide, and neoandrogafolide with PLpro are as follows -111,441, -103,827, -103,609, -102,363, -100,27,-79,6655, -78.6901, -80.9337, -79.4686, -82.1124, -79.1789, and -97.2452.Combination between quercetin, neoandrographolide, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demetoxycurcumin, and curcumin showed a synergy effect by reduce its docking score. Meanwhile its interaction with the protein 3CLpro showed docking score for those compounds as follows 64.0074, -86.1811, -81.428, -87.1625, -78.2899, -73.4345,-70,3368, -71.5539, -68.4321, -72.0154, -75.9777 and -93.7746.Combination between andrographolide, neoandrographolide, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demetoxycurcumin and curcumin, also shows synegy effect in 3CLpro allow them to reduce the docking score.This study concludes that curcumin was known as the most potent compound that act as a PLpro inhibitor based on a docking score of -103,609, while in 3CLpro all the compound have a potential to inhibit 3CLpro with demethosxycurcumin and neoandrogafolide as the most potent compound with a docking score -87,126 and -93.7746.
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