Synthesis, characterization and thermolysis of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) and its salts

Anniyappan, M.; Talawar, M. B.; Gore, G. M.; Venugopalan, S.; Gandhe, B.R.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.03.034

Cited by 169 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…TEX sensitivity to impact and friction is similar to those of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7). The friction sensitivity for TEX, NTO and FOX-7 is more than 350 N [2][3][4]. The impact sensitivity in BAM fall-hammer test for TEX equals 24 J [2] and for FOX-7 25.2-31.8 J [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Thermal properties of TEX decomposition or sublimation

Gańczyk

Zygmunt

Gołofit

2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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TEX is a thermostable compound and less sensitive to external stimuli. It sublimates and decomposes at high temperature. The influence of DSC and TG measurement conditions and substance mass on the thermal decomposition of TEX was determined. It was observed that substance mass, pan type and fulfillment degree of pan influence the thermal decomposition and kinetic parameters of TEX decomposition. Sublimation of the sample was the main observed process; thermal decomposition was the secondary process during the heating of TEX in open pans. With increasing substance mass, the participation of thermal decomposition of TEX increased. Uncontrolled thermal decomposition was observed for larger mass of a sample. The sublimation and decomposition processes were confirmed by FT-IR method. Thermal decomposition was the main process observed during heating the sample of TEX in hermetic pans. Sublimation of a sample was marginal. The sublimation effect decreased with increasing the degree of fulfillment pan. The kinetic parameters were determined with the Friedman's isoconversional method. The conversion, mass of sample and the type of pan caused the large changes in the values of kinetic parameters. The apparent activation energy varied from 128 to 355 kJ mol -1 and logA varied from 9.95 to 30.64 in initial step (a = 0.02) for different condition of measurements. The low values of apparent activation energy (about 130 kJ mol -1 ) were associated with sublimation process and the high values (about 340 kJ mol -1 ) with the decomposition process.

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confidence: 99%

Thermal properties of TEX decomposition or sublimation

Gańczyk

Zygmunt

Gołofit

2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…The unique characteristics of FOX-7 result from its molecular structure [7], which is beneficial for the creation of strong inter-and intra-molecular hydrogen bonds for stabilizing the molecule. Since 1998, when FOX-7 was first synthesized by Latypov et al [8], it has been the subject of many experimental investigations [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. FOX-7 has a favorable oxygen balance and the decomposition of the molecule can produce entirely gaseous products (CO, H 2 O, N 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE, FOX-7) – Properties and Formulations (a Review)

Trzciński

Belaada

2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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A review of the available literature on the properties of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE, FOX-7) and formulations containing FOX-7 is presented in this paper. The structural, thermal and spectroscopic properties as well as the sensitivity and explosive properties of FOX-7 are described. Compositions containing FOX-7 are characterized in details and their sensitivity and explosive properties are presented. Potential areas of application for such formulations have been identified.

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“…2,3,5,[12][13][14][15] Our interest mainly consisted in modifying molecular structure of FOX-7 in order to obtain some new high-energy compounds and research their structure-property relationship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Thermal Characteristics of a High-Nitrogen Energetic Material: G(AHDNE)

Lu¹,

Xu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2012

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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A high-nitrogen energetic salt, 1-amino-1-hydrazino-2,2-dinitroethylene guanidine salt [G(AHDNE)], was synthesized by reacting of 1-amino-1-hydrazino-2,2-dinitroethylene (AHDNE) and guanidine hydrochloride in sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The theoretical investigation on G(AHDNE) was carried out by B3LYP/ 6-311+G* method. The thermal behaviors of G(AHDNE) were studied with DSC and TG-DTG methods, and the result presents an intense exothermic decomposition process. The enthalpy, apparent activation energy and pre-exponential constant of the process are −1060 J g , respectively. The critical temperature of thermal explosion of G(AHDNE) is 152.63 °C. The specific heat capacity of G(AHDNE) was studied with micro-DSC method and theoretical calculation method, and the molar heat capacity is 314.69 J mol −1 K −1 at 298.15 K. Adiabatic time-to-explosion of G(AHDNE) was calculated to be a certain value between 60-72 s. The detonation velocity and detonation pressure were also estimated. G(AHDNE) presents good performances.

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Synthesis, characterization and thermolysis of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) and its salts

Cited by 169 publications

References 16 publications

Thermal properties of TEX decomposition or sublimation

Thermal properties of TEX decomposition or sublimation

1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE, FOX-7) – Properties and Formulations (a Review)

Structural and Thermal Characteristics of a High-Nitrogen Energetic Material: G(AHDNE)

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