Synthesis, Characterization, and Rheological Evaluation of 1,3-Diazido-2-ethyl-2-nitropropane as an Energetic Plasticizer

Ghosh, Kavita; Athar, Javaid; Pawar, Suman; Polke, B. G.; Sikder, A. K.

doi:10.1080/07370652.2010.548348

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Purification by column chromatography was performed using Merck silica gel 60 (Ø 35-70 mm). 1 H NMR, 13 Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were measured in a platinum pan (100 mL) in a nitrogen atmosphere on a TGA Q5000 instrument, using a heating rate of 5°C/min.…”

Section: Experimental Section General Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Organic azido compounds are one of the application prospect energetic plasticizers, which have the advantage of delivering extra energy on combustion combined with minimum smoke and good mixing compatibility with established energetic binders, like glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) and poly(3nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetan) (polyNIMMO). [13][14][15][16][17] Compared with general organic azido compounds, energetic azido ester plasticizers provided with better lubricant effect and thermal stability, lower sensitivity and glass transition temperature. [18][19][20] Previous work have reported the synthesis and properties of some energetic azido ester plasticizers such as bis(2-azido-1-(azidomethyl)ethyl) malonate (BAEM), bis(2-azido-1-(azidomethyl)ethyl) glutarate (BAEG), 1,3-bis(azidoacetoxy)-2,2-bis-(azidomethyl)propane (BABAMP) and triazidopentaerythrite acetate (TAP-Ac) (Scheme 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Properties of 3‐Azido‐2,2‐bis(azidomethyl)propyl 2‐Azidoacetate: A Potential Azido Ester Plasticizer

et al. 2019

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This study reports the synthesis and characterization of a novel azido ester plasticizer, 3‐azido‐2,2‐bis(azidomethyl)propyl 2‐azidoacetate (ABAMPA), with good yield and high purity. The density, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity, thermal decomposition temperature and glass transition temperature were determined to be 1.326 g ⋅ cm−3, 16 J, 324 N, 235.9 °C and −50.4 °C, respectively. The plasticizing effect of ABAMPA on glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) was calculated by molecular dynamics, the solubility parameter difference value was 1.7(J ⋅ cm−3)0.5, and the glass transition temperature of GAP was reduced from −35 °C to −43 °C when the weight ratio of ABAMPA and GAP was 50 : 50. The new azido ester exhibits high energy, remarkable thermostability and good compatibility with GAP, which indicates that it would have potential application in explosive and propellant formulations.

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Section: Experimental Section General Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Properties of 3‐Azido‐2,2‐bis(azidomethyl)propyl 2‐Azidoacetate: A Potential Azido Ester Plasticizer

et al. 2019

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“…Thermal analysis was performed to observe any alteration in the decomposition pattern of the binder entity in the presence and absence of plasticizer.T ou nderstand the plasticizing effect of given plasticizers on polyNIMMO binder,t hermald ecomposition temperature (T max ) [ 1] and glass transition temperature (T g )w ere determined with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). For this purpose, all the plasticizers underc onsideration were mixed with the binder thoroughly at ar atio of 80 :20( binder:plasticizer) as suggested in the literature [40][41][42]. After thoroughm ixing of variouse nergetic plasticizers( 20 %) to the polyNIMMO binder (80 %) individually,n op hase separation or any other sign of heterogeneity was observeda tr oom temperature, even after 24 ho rm ore, signifying the physical compatibility of the studied energetic plasticizers with polyNIMMO binder.The decomposition peak profiles of DSC analysis are shown in Figure 1, alongw ith the correspondingp eak temperatures (T max ).…”

Section: Thermal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Compatibility of the Energetic Binder PolyNIMMO with Energetic Plasticizers: Experimental and DFT Studies

Shee

Shah

Athar

et al. 2016

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The development of energetic binders with suitable energetic plasticizers is required to enhance the mechanical properties and to reduce the glass transition temperature of propellant and explosive formulations. The compatibility of the energetic binder poly(3‐nitratomethyl‐3‐methyloxetane) (polyNIMMO) with five different energetic plasticizers viz. bis(2,2‐dinitro propyl)acetal (BDNPA), dinitro‐diaza‐alkanes (DNDA‐57), 1,2,4‐butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN), N‐N‐butyl‐N‘(2‐nitroxy‐ethyl) nitramine (BuNENA) and diethyleneglycoldinitrate (DEGDN) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheology, and DFT methods. The results obtained for the pure binder were compared with the results obtained for the binder/plasticizer blend in regard of the decomposition temperature and the format of the peak indicated the compatibility of polyNIMMO with the plasticizers. The glass transition temperatures of the blends were determined by low temperature DSC and showed desirable lowering of glass transition temperature with single peak. The rheological evaluation revealed that the viscosity of the binder is considerably lowered by means of flow behavior upon addition of 20 % (w/w) plasticizer. The addition of BuNENA and DEGDN has maximum effect on the lowering of viscosity of polyNIMMO. The predicted relative trend of interaction energies between plasticizer and binder is well correlated with the corresponding trend of viscosity of binder/plasticizer blends. These experimental studies verified by theoretical methods are valuable to design practical blends of new plasticizers and binders.

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“…But most of these plasticizers are inert polymers, adding these polymers into TNT-based melt cast explosives will reduce their energy. Substitution of these polymers by energetic polymers may lead to an enhancement in performance of TNT-based cast explosives [8][9][10][11][12]. Therefore, obtaining a stable energetic polymer to improve the performance of TNT-based cast explosives is remains a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, thermal stability and compatibility properties of energetic PVB-g-GAP copolymers

et al. 2015

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A series of new energetic polymers of poly(vinyl benzal acetal)-g-polyglycidylazides (PVB-g-GAPs) were prepared by the cross-linking reactions between poly(vinyl benzal acetal) (PVB) and four different molecular weight polyglycidylazides (GAPs), and their structures were characterized by ATR-FTIR, UV-Vis, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR. The glass-transition temperatures of PVB-g-GAPs were evaluated by DSC method and the thermal stabilities of PVB-g-GAPs were tested by DTA and TGA methods. The results indicated that all PVB-g-GAPs exhibited good resistance to thermal decomposition up to 200°C and the thermal stability order of the four PVB-g-GAPs were PVB-g-2 # GAP (246°C) > PVB-g-3 # GAP (244°C) > PVB-g-4 # GAP (236°C) > PVBg-1 # GAP (231°C). The glass transition temperatures of PVBg-GAPs from DSC method suggested that the synthesized copolymers were thermoplastic elastomer. Moreover, the compatibilities of PVB-g-4 # GAP with the energetic components of TNT-based melt explosives (HMX, RDX, TNT and TATB) were studied by using the non-isothermal DSC method. The results indicated that PVB-g-4 # GAP exhibited good compatibility with TNT, TATB and HMX, and could be safely used in melt cast explosives.

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Rheological Evaluation of 1,3-Diazido-2-ethyl-2-nitropropane as an Energetic Plasticizer

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Synthesis and Properties of 3‐Azido‐2,2‐bis(azidomethyl)propyl 2‐Azidoacetate: A Potential Azido Ester Plasticizer

Synthesis and Properties of 3‐Azido‐2,2‐bis(azidomethyl)propyl 2‐Azidoacetate: A Potential Azido Ester Plasticizer

Understanding the Compatibility of the Energetic Binder PolyNIMMO with Energetic Plasticizers: Experimental and DFT Studies

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, thermal stability and compatibility properties of energetic PVB-g-GAP copolymers

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