Two-dimensional materials with higher carrier mobility are promising materials for applications in the nanoelectronics and photocatalysis. In this paper, we have explored the stabilities, structures, electronic properties, carrier mobility and optical properties of few-layer PbX (X = S, Se, Te) by first-principle calculations. Theoretical results show that the band gaps of PbX could be modulated by the thickness, changing from 1.65 eV (1.26 eV, 1.26 eV) of monolayer to 0.98 eV (0.76 eV, 0.97 eV) of tri-layer for PbS (PbSe, PbTe). Most importantly, the bi-layer PbS has an extremely high electron carrier mobility of 252 000 cm 2 V -1 s -1 and the hole carrier mobility of mono-or tri-layer PbTe could obtains a value of 16 000 cm 2 V -1 s -1 , predicating the possible wide applications of few-layer PbXs in novel electronic devices. The strong adsorptions of light of PbXs also indicate their potential implications in solar cell.

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g-C3N4 possesses a band gap of approximately 2.7 eV. The conduction-band electrons (ecb−) and valence band holes (h+) could be generated when g-C3N4 was excited, which accelerate the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP).

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Plasmonic effects in Au-Ag nanostructures are utilized to realize novel electrochromic device. A quasi ordered Au-Ag core-shell nanoparticle array is realized by thermal evaporation of Au and electrochemical deposition of Ag into a SiO 2 hole array assisted by anodic aluminium oxide membranes. The thickness of the Ag shell could be changed by alternating the electrochemical deposition time: as a result, the color of the device can be widely and quasireversibly tuned through this electrical control.

The nitro-aromatic explosives of NB, PNP and 2,4-DNP (40 mg L−1) could be completely degraded by MoSe2 3D microspheres for 3.5 h, 1.5 h and 2.5 h, under visible light irradiation.

Solvent-free reactions of C(60) with active methylene compounds, either with or without carbon tetrabromide (CBr(4)), in the presence of a base under high-speed vibration milling (HSVM) conditions were investigated. The reaction of C(60) with diethyl bromomalonate was conducted under HSVM conditions in the presence of piperidine, triethylamine or Na(2)CO(3) to afford cyclopropane derivative. In the presence of CBr(4), methanofullerenes, and could be obtained by the direct reaction of C(60) with diethyl malonate, dimethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate and ethyl cyanoacetate, respectively, with the aid of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene, piperidine, triethylamine or Na(2)CO(3). More interestingly, 1,4-bisadducts and were produced by the reaction of C(60) with diethyl malonate and dimethyl malonate in the presence of piperidine, triethylamine or Na(2)CO(3) under HSVM conditions. On the other hand, dihydrofuran-fused C(60) derivatives, and were obtained from the reaction of C(60) with ethyl acetoacetate, 2,4-pentanedione and 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione with the aid of a base. Under the same conditions, less activated aryl methyl ketones such as 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrazine and acetophenone provided monocarbonylated methanofullerene derivatives, and. Except for the Bingel reactions, all other reactions under the HSVM conditions are considered to proceed according to a single-electron-transfer mechanism.