Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic properties of nanostructured CoFe 2 O 4  recycled from spent Li-ion batteries

Moura, M.N.; Barrada, R.V.; Almeida, Jenifer Rigo; Moreira, T.F.M.; Schettino, Miguel A.; Freitas, Jair C. C.; Ferreira, Sandra A. D.; Lelis, M.F.F.; Freitas, M.B.J.G.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.036

Cited by 46 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Most current recycling processes fall under the umbrella of 'reagent recovery' because the materials, with sufficient purity, can be re-used not just for resynthesizing the original cathode materials, but also in a range of other applications, such as the synthesis of CoFe 2 O 4 or MnCo 2 O 4 (refs. [84][85][86] ). Following initial work focused on the leaching and remanufacture of LiCoO 2 (ref.…”

Section: Hydrometallurgical Metals Reclamationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles

Harper

Sommerville

Kendrick

et al. 2019

Nature

2,084

1,356

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Range of recycling technologiesRecycling Complexity of process 'Mixing' of materials streams Amount of materials recovered Value of materials recovered Fig. 1 | The waste management hierarchy and range of recycling options. The waste management hierarchy is a concept that was developed from the Council Directive 75/442/EEC of 15 July 1975 (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A31975L0442) on waste by the Dutch politician Ad Lansink, in 1979, who presented to the Dutch parliament a simple schematic representation that has been termed 'Lansink's Ladder', ranking waste management options from the most to least environmentally desirable options.Here, that hierarchy is expanded to consider the range of battery recycling technologies. 'Prevention' means that LIBs are designed to use less-critical materials (high economic importance, but at risk of short supply) and that electric vehicles should be lighter and have smaller batteries. 'Re-use' means that electric-vehicle batteries should have a second use. 'Recycling' means that batteries should be recycled, recovering as much material as possible and preserving any structural value and quality (for example, preventing contamination). 'Recovery' means using some battery materials as energy for processes such as fuel for pyrometallurgy. Finally, 'disposal' means that no value is recovered and the waste goes to landfill.

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Section: Hydrometallurgical Metals Reclamationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles

Harper

Sommerville

Kendrick

et al. 2019

Nature

2,084

1,356

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…210,211 Aside from cathode materials, many researchers have examined syntheses of other high-value-added products, such as metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), 212 catalysts Co 3 O 4 , 213 and Co ferrite precursor (CoFe 2 O 4 ). 214 Notably, Perez et al 212 developed an innovative approach to synthesizing metal− organic frameworks (MOFs) from a simulated LIBs waste aqueous solution by precipitation. Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) are a unique class of porous crystalline materials, synthesized from metal ions and organic ligands.…”

Section: Technology Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Recycling Technology for Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond: Challenges and Future Prospects

et al. 2020

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Tremendous efforts are being made to develop electrode materials, electrolytes, and separators for energy storage devices to meet the needs of emerging technologies such as electric vehicles, decarbonized electricity, and electrochemical energy storage. However, the sustainability concerns of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and next-generation rechargeable batteries have received little attention. Recycling plays an important role in the overall sustainability of future batteries and is affected by battery attributes including environmental hazards and the value of their constituent resources. Therefore, recycling should be considered when developing battery systems. Herein, we provide a systematic overview of rechargeable battery sustainability. With a particular focus on electric vehicles, we analyze the market competitiveness of batteries in terms of economy, environment, and policy. Considering the large volumes of batteries soon to be retired, we comprehensively evaluate battery utilization and recycling from the perspectives of economic feasibility, environmental impact, technology, and safety. Battery sustainability is discussed with respect to life-cycle assessment and analyzed from the perspectives of strategic resources and economic demand. Finally, we propose a 4H strategy for battery recycling with the aims of high efficiency, high economic return, high environmental benefit, and high safety. New challenges and future prospects for battery sustainability are also highlighted.

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“…Decomposition of methylene blue dye can be effectively achieved by photo Fenton [248] reaction, using re-synthesised CoFe2O4 from spent LIBs [248]. Citric acid is also effective in the recovery of compounds with good photocatalytic properties [249].…”

Section: Second Life Beyond Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%