Synthesis and Properties of Nanocomposites

Abstract

Nanocomposites may exhibit new properties of technical interest. Technical applications require many particles, leading to interaction of the particles thwarting the performance of these materials. To exploit specific nano‐properties, the use of composites preventing the particles from interaction is necessary. This leads to the application of nanocomposites. The most homogeneous composites consist of a core coated with an outer layer of a second ceramic or a polymer. For industrial or at least semi‐industrial production of nanocomposites, a process leading to non‐agglomerated powders in a sufficient quantity is needed. Additionally, coating of the particles with either a second ceramic phase or an organic one is necessary. The Karlsruhe Microwave Plasma Process fulfils these conditions.

Effects of dispersion techniques of carbon nanofibers on the thermo-physical properties of epoxy nanocomposites

“…It is well recognized that, to take full advantage of the enhanced properties of nanoreinforcements it is necessary that they are homogeneously dispersed in the polymeric matrix [7][8][9][10][11]. Different dispersion methods are being researched [12][13][14], including the dilution method, the use of ultrasonication, high shear mixing, the addition of sulfactant and the alignment techniques, between others.…”

Microwave Plasma Synthesis of Materials—From Physics and Chemistry to Nanoparticles: A Materials Scientist’s Viewpoint

“…Commercial powders usually contain nanoparticles of sizes ranging from around 5 nm to approximately 200 nm. Similar, broad particle size distributions are observed, when using microwave torches [52,103,109,110], whereas the powders synthesized in low pressure microwave plasma are often characterized by a very narrow particle size distribution [105,107,108,198]. This can be observed for several commercially available nanoscaled powders, like Fe 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SnO 2 , or TiO 2 .…”

“…This was shown by Vollath and Szabó for pyrene as dye [198]. The spectra are changing from excitonic spectra to molecule spectra with decreasing dye coverage.…”

“…Usually, it is a property of organic molecules, of isolated ceramic nanoparticles [230,231], or quantum dot nanoparticles [207,[232][233][234]. It is also found in microwave plasma synthesized ceramic nanoparticles coated with a polymer shell [51,197,198], or coated with an organic dye [97,198,199,202]. It is one interesting property of nanoparticles with applications found primarily in medical, biological, or pharmaceutical areas [235][236][237][238][239].…”

The Effects of Additive TiO₂ Nanoparticles on the Energy Gap of DCM Doped with PS Thin Films

“…The polymers modified by metal oxide nanoparticles have been prepared by sol-gel process, by polymerization of monomer containing nanoparticles and by dispersing of nanoparticles in a polymeric matrix [12][13]. The presence of nanoparticles in polymer improves the mechanical, electrical and optical properties of the material and it is possible to control these properties, including the refractive index, by concentration [14].…”