Synthesis and impurity profiling of MDMA prepared from commonly available starting materials

Electrochemical quantification of piperine in black pepper

“…The chemical reduction of piperine under various conditions has been reported (da Silva, Mota, Bieber & Navarro, 2006;Gallagher, Shimmon & McDonagh, 2012;Pedersen et al, 2009). Either of the two carbon-carbon double bonds has been generally suggested to undergo hydrogenation in methanol (or ethanol) with a catalyst or mediator (Gallagher et al, 2012), although reduction leading to a , unsaturated amide was also claimed (da Silva et al, 2006;Pedersen et al, 2009). For the electrochemical reduction as discussed above, a possible mechanism explaining the difference between the micro-and macro-electrode voltammetry is shown in Figure 1(E), Section 3.1.1.…”

Analysis of amphetamine‐type substances and piperazine analogues using desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry

“…A seized MDMA tablet was obtained from the Australian Federal Police (AFP, Sydney, NSW, Australia). MDMA base and PMMA base were synthesised via reductive amination of piperonal and anethole, respectively . Methanol (HPLC grade), formic acid (analytical reagent grade) and potassium bromide (KBr) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Castle Hill, NSW, Australia).…”

Nature stays natural: two novel chemo-enzymatic one-pot cascades for the synthesis of fragrance and flavor aldehydes

“…8,63 Piperonal, anisaldehyde, and benzaldehyde emerge from diverse synthesis methods. 6,[9][10][11] Despite profitability, these processes are unfavorable due to their dependence on toxic reagents, hazardous materials, petrochemicals, and high energy demand.…”