Synthesis and evaluation of a novel polyacrylamide functionalized nano-silica as a calcium carbonate inhibitor in upstream applications

Ismail, Nadhem; Alshami, Ali; Hussein, Ibnelwaleed A.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2021.109864

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The classic discrete water scale monitoring method involves water quality sample collection and laboratory analysis, which is impractical [65] since sample collection should be as close to the production site as possible and procured from different parts of the well. This sample collection and analysis is impractical for at least two reasons: (1) scale formation may occur in inaccessible parts of the well, such as the internal pipeline surface, underground pumps, and different parts of system equipment [66], and (2) the collected samples could be mixed or physically or chemically altered during transportation. These limitations have many implications, motivating the need to develop advanced real-time IWMS techniques for predicting and preventing oilfield scale.…”

Section: Open Issues and Future Research Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-Based Water Management Systems: Survey and Future Research Direction

et al. 2022

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The Internet of Things (IoT) sustainable solutions are the next generation of methods for managing and monitoring valuable natural resources such as water. Research has focused on smart IoT-based water management and monitoring system designs for various types of applications, including agricultural, industrial, residential, and crude oil exploration sectors. To this end, unlike other surveys available in the literature, this work presents an all-encompassing analysis of 43 papers published between 2014 and 2022 for systems proposed to manage and monitor water in four different sectors: the agricultural, industrial, residential, and the oilfield sectors. In this work, we also propose a new optical water management system to address a gap in the literature, particularly for oilfield processes that require significant amounts of water to stimulate oil production. The proposed system employs an advanced optical technique for sensing and transmitting collected data. Overall, this work provides a seminal guide for future research efforts focused on integrating IoT in the field of water management and monitoring.

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Section: Open Issues and Future Research Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-Based Water Management Systems: Survey and Future Research Direction

et al. 2022

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“…The mechanism of action of kinetic inhibitors is usually considered in terms of stereospecific and nonspecific interactions [ 12 ]. The mechanism of inhibition of scale formation in the most general view can be described using adsorption effects [ 9 , 12 ] or morphological changes in crystal growth sites [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. The adsorption effects are due to the fact that the inhibitor molecules occupy the sites of crystal nucleation and growth, thereby preventing the formation of crystal faces, or the inhibitor adsorption to the surface of the crystal embryo is considered, while further growth stops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the properties of the inhibitor molecule and the nature of the crystalline formation, it can be adsorbed onto the crystal lattice, forming complex surfaces. In this case, the crystal growth slows down significantly [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this respect, polymer nitrogen compounds (polyacrylamide, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, etc. ), nonpolymer and polymer phosphorus compounds (phosphonates, aminophosphonates, and polyphosphinocarboxylates), and polycarboxylates (polyacrylate, copolymers of polyacrylate, and maleic anhydride) are very effective [ 3 , 4 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polysaccharides as Effective and Environmentally Friendly Inhibitors of Scale Deposition from Aqueous Solutions in Technological Processes

et al. 2023

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In this paper, we consider natural and modified polysaccharides for use as active ingredients in scale deposition inhibitors to prevent the formation of scale in oil production equipment, heat exchange equipment, and water supply systems. Modified and functionalized polysaccharides with a strong ability to inhibit the formation of deposits of typical scale, such as carbonates and sulfates of alkaline earth elements found in technological processes, are described. This review discusses the mechanisms of the inhibition of crystallization using polysaccharides, and the various methodological aspects of evaluating their effectiveness are considered. This review also provides information on the technological application of scale deposition inhibitors based on polysaccharides. Special attention is paid to the environmental aspect of the use of polysaccharides in industry as scale deposition inhibitors.

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“…The PAM model used was simplified based on its functional property (-CH 2 CHCONH 2 -). These insights will allow us to design better polymer-based scale inhibitors, assisting in calcium-based scale formation prevention, previously studied experimentally by our group [29]. The binding affinities of these polymers to Ca 2+ were studied alongside other quantum chemical parameters, such as molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) maps using DFT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Studies of a Silica Functionalized Acrylamide for Calcium Scale Inhibition

et al. 2022

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The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) scale is one of the most common oilfield scales and oil and gas production bane. CaCO3 scale can lead to a sudden halt in production or, worst-case scenario, accidents; therefore, CaCO3 scale formation prevention is essential for the oil and gas industry. Scale inhibitors are chemicals that can mitigate this problem. We used two popular theoretical techniques in this study: Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics (AIMD). The objective was to investigate the inhibitory abilities of mixed oligomers, specifically acrylamide functionalized silica (AM-Silica). DFT studies indicate that Ca2+ does not bind readily to acryl acid and acrylamide; however, it has a good binding affinity with PAM and Silica functionalized PAM. The highest binding affinity occurs in the silica region and not the –CONH functional groups. AIMD calculations corroborate the DFT studies, as observed from the MD trajectory that Ca2+ binds to PAM-Silica by forming bonds with silicon; however, Ca2+ initially forms a bond with silicon in the presence of water molecules. This bonding does not last long, and it subsequently bonds with the oxygen atoms present in the water molecule. PAM-Silica is a suitable calcium scale inhibitor because of its high binding affinity with Ca2+. Theoretical studies (DFT and AIMD) have provided atomic insights on how AM-Silica could be used as an efficient scale inhibitor.

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Synthesis and evaluation of a novel polyacrylamide functionalized nano-silica as a calcium carbonate inhibitor in upstream applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

IoT-Based Water Management Systems: Survey and Future Research Direction

IoT-Based Water Management Systems: Survey and Future Research Direction

Polysaccharides as Effective and Environmentally Friendly Inhibitors of Scale Deposition from Aqueous Solutions in Technological Processes

Theoretical Studies of a Silica Functionalized Acrylamide for Calcium Scale Inhibition

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