Synthesis and characterization of NiO nanostructures: a review

Bonomo, Matteo

doi:10.1007/s11051-018-4327-y

Cited by 109 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…This finding indicates an attractive aspect of the use of the anodic electrodeposition route. The comparison of the morphologies of the films obtained at 1.00 V and 1.10 V makes clear how finely surface porosity can be tuned with an electrochemical method of deposition [61,62]. It must be noted that the thickness of the films is below 100 nm, which is one order of magnitude less than the mesoporous NiO films where the dye is anchored.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically Deposited NiO Films as a Blocking Layer in p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with an Impressive 45% Fill Factor

et al. 2020

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The enhancement of photoelectrochemical conversion efficiency of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSSCs) is necessary to build up effective tandem devices in which both anode and cathode are photoactive. The efficiency of a p-type device (2.5%) is roughly one order of magnitude lower than the n-type counterparts (13.1%), thus limiting the overall efficiency of the tandem cell, especially in terms of powered current density. This is mainly due to the recombination reaction that occurs especially at the photocathode (or Indium-doped Tin Oxide (ITO))/electrolyte interface. To minimize this phenomenon, a widely employed strategy is to deposit a compact film of NiO (acting as a blocking electrode) beneath the porous electrode. Here, we propose electrodeposition as a cheap, easy scalable and environmental-friendly approach to deposit nanometric films directly on ITO glass. The results are compared to a blocking layer made by means of sol-gel technique. Cells embodying a blocking layer substantially outperformed the reference device. Among them, BL_1.10V shows the best photoconversion efficiency (0.166%) and one of the highest values of fill factor (approaching 46%) ever reported. This is mainly due to an optimized surface roughness of the blocking layer assuring a good deposition of the porous layer. The effectiveness of the implementation of the blocking layer is further proved by means of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically Deposited NiO Films as a Blocking Layer in p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with an Impressive 45% Fill Factor

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, boronate ester-based COFs could be considered as small molecule-based electronics whereas imine-based COFs are generally described as conjugated conducting polymers [19,63]. Nanostructured systems are usually synthetized by solvothermal method allowing th finely control the morphology and the crystallinity of the materials [64][65][66]. However, this includes the quite harsh experimental conditions (e.g., aggressive solvents, relativ temperature, using sealed vessel…) as synthetic method to produce COFs Straightfo researchers have been attempting to figure out new synthetic routes to obtain COFs: i.e., m and room temperature synthesis (which are mechanochemical and rapid solution-phase a and massive synthesis [67], among others [62].…”

Section: Covalent Organic Framework (Cofs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cooper and co-workers attempted first time to use microwave method by synthe COF-5 and COF-102 based on boron linkage [68]. They successfully obtain COFs 200 times f Nanostructured systems are usually synthetized by solvothermal method allowing the latter to finely control the morphology and the crystallinity of the materials [64][65][66]. However, this approach includes the quite harsh experimental conditions (e.g., aggressive solvents, relatively high temperature,…”

Section: Covalent Organic Framework (Cofs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks as (Photo)Active Material in Hybrid Photovoltaic Technologies

et al. 2020

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are two innovative classes of porous coordination polymers. MOFs are three-dimensional materials made up of secondary building blocks comprised of metal ions/clusters and organic ligands whereas COFs are 2D or 3D highly porous organic solids made up by light elements (i.e., H, B, C, N, O). Both MOFs and COFs, being highly conjugated scaffolds, are very promising as photoactive materials for applications in photocatalysis and artificial photosynthesis because of their tunable electronic properties, high surface area, remarkable light and thermal stability, easy and relative low-cost synthesis, and structural versatility. These properties make them perfectly suitable for photovoltaic application: throughout this review, we summarize recent advances in the employment of both MOFs and COFs in emerging photovoltaics, namely dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) organic photovoltaic (OPV) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). MOFs are successfully implemented in DSSCs as photoanodic material or solid-state sensitizers and in PSCs mainly as hole or electron transporting materials. An innovative paradigm, in which the porous conductive polymer acts as standing-alone sensitized photoanode, is exploited too. Conversely, COFs are mostly implemented as photoactive material or as hole transporting material in PSCs.

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“…A comprehensive analyses of the different nanostructured morphologies, in which NiO could be obtained, falls outside the purpose of the present review work. Furthermore, a recent review paper by Bonomo properly faced this topic (Bonomo, 2018).…”

Section: Electrochemical Properties Of Nanostructured Niomentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Nickel Oxide (NiO) With Nanostructured Morphology for Photoconversion Applications

Bonomo

Decker

2018

Front. Chem.

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The cost-effective production of chemicals in electrolytic cells and the conversion of the radiation energy into electrical energy in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) require the use of electrodes with large surface area, which possess either electrocatalytic or photoelectrocatalytic properties. In this context nanostructured semiconductors are electrodic materials of great relevance because of the possibility of varying their photoelectrocatalytic properties in a controlled fashion via doping, dye-sensitization or modification of the conditions of deposition. Among semiconductors for electrolysers and PECs the class of the transition metal oxides (TMOs) with a particular focus on NiO interests for the chemical-physical inertness in ambient conditions and the intrinsic electroactivity in the solid state. The latter aspect implies the existence of capacitive properties in TMO and NiO electrodes which thus act as charge storage systems. After a comparative analysis of the (photo)electrochemical properties of nanostructured TMO electrodes in the configuration of thin film the use of NiO and analogs for the specific applications of water photoelectrolysis and, secondly, photoelectrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide will be discussed.

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Synthesis and characterization of NiO nanostructures: a review

Cited by 109 publications

References 96 publications

Electrochemically Deposited NiO Films as a Blocking Layer in p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with an Impressive 45% Fill Factor

Electrochemically Deposited NiO Films as a Blocking Layer in p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with an Impressive 45% Fill Factor

Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks as (Photo)Active Material in Hybrid Photovoltaic Technologies

Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Nickel Oxide (NiO) With Nanostructured Morphology for Photoconversion Applications

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