Synthesis and characterization of ammonium phosphate fertilizers with boron

Abstract

The concentration of boron, an essential micronutrient for plants, presents a narrow range between deficiency and toxicity. In order to provide the boron requirement for plants, and to avoid toxicity problems, boron compounds are mixed with basic fertilizers. Sodium borate pentahydrate was used as a boron source. Ammonium orthophosphates fertilizers with boron were prepared by neutralizing phosphoric acid with ammonia and addition of variable amounts of sodium tetraborate pentahydrate to the reaction mixture at a NH3:H3PO4 molar ratio of 1.5. The fertilizers obtained with boron contents ranging from 0.05 to 1 % (w/w) were fully characterized by chemical analysis, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and infrared spectrophotometry. The studies showed that up to 500?C, regardless of the boron content, no significant changes concerning thermal stability and nutritional properties occurred. Above 500?C, an increase of thermal stability with an increase of the boron content was observed. X-ray diffraction of a heat-treated sample containing 5 % (w/w) boron indicated the appearance of boron orthophosphate, BPO4, as a new crystalline phase, and the disappearance of the previous structures above 500?C, which explains the increase in thermal stability.

Preparation, Characterization and Biological Study of New Boron Compound and Schiff Base Derived From 2-Aminophenol with Their Cu (II) and Pt (IV) Complexes

“…Four steps appeared in thermogram of L 2 at temperature range (33.7-172.3°C),(172.3-280.7°C),(280.7-354.3°C) and (354.3-601.3°C). The first step for each ligands involved loss of solvents and H 2 O and this due to their low boiling points [26,27] . The data (Table 3) showed the agreement between the theoretical and practical fragments and the results exhibited more stability of L 1 than L 2 .…”

Development and Testing of Improved Efficiency Boron-Enriched Diammonium Phosphate Fertilizers

“…The same problem is likely to arise using single, double, or triple superphosphate fertilizers. Thus, B availability to plants can vary depending on chemical reactions taking place during fertilizer formulation (Magda et al 2010) or after their application to the soils (da Silva et al 2018). Furthermore, colemanite cogranulated with MAP caused B toxicity to seedlings (Abat et al 2015c).…”

Facile synthesis of Ni-incorporated and nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide as an effective electrode material for tri(ammonium) phosphate electro-oxidation

“…Ammonium phosphate is created in three forms based on the ammonium content: mono ((NH 4 )H 2 PO 4 ), di ((NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 ), and tri ((NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 ) ammonium phosphate 14 . The three forms can be industrially synthesized by reaction between phosphate rock and ammonia or nitric acid 15,16 . In comparison to mono and di ammonium phosphates, tri ammonium phosphate (TAP) has the highest hydrogen concentration.…”

“…14 The three forms can be industrially synthesized by reaction between phosphate rock and ammonia or nitric acid. 15,16 In comparison to monoand diammonium phosphates, tri ammonium phosphate (TAP) has the highest hydrogen concentration. The hydrogen concentration of tri, di, and mono ammonium phosphate is typically 8.05, 6.82, and 5.22 wt%, respectively.…”